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F-1 Student Visa Interviews Conditions June 2025: Are They Back On?

Quick Answer:

Yes, F-1 student visas are back on in 2025, but with new conditions. The F-1 is a nonimmigrant visa and a visa category specifically for academic study. Interviews have resumed at most U.S. consulates, though certain countries face suspensions or stricter vetting. Enhanced security procedures under the Trump administration include required social media screening, proof of ties to home countries, and tracking of student activities.

What’s the Current Status of F-1 Student Visas in 2025?

Are interviews being scheduled at U.S. consulates?

  • Visa appointment scheduling has resumed at overseas posts following a brief pause in May-June 2025.
  • New visa appointments may be limited due to increased vetting procedures and processing capacity constraints.
  • Expect longer wait times due to new vetting procedures.
  • Overseas posts are gradually resume scheduling for F-1 interviews.
  • Check appointment availability at U.S. State Department Visa Wait Times.

Which countries still face visa suspensions?

  • Travel bans affect 12 countries fully and 7 partially (e.g., Cuba, Venezuela, Iran, Libya).
  • Students from these countries may not be able to obtain F-1 visas unless they qualify for a waiver.

Students should check the relevant embassy or consulate website for the latest updates on visa application procedures and appointment availability.

Waivers: Possible for undue hardship or national interest, but difficult to obtain.

Note: Media reports may provide additional details on country-specific suspensions.

Are J-1 visas affected too?

  • Yes, the same vetting standards apply to J visa and exchange visitor applicants, including comprehensive background checks and social media screening.
  • Partial bans include J visas and J nonimmigrant visas, affecting both students and exchange visitors.
  • Security and ideological concerns also apply to J visa applicants, and exchange visitor applicants are subject to expanded vetting procedures.
  • J visa applicants should check for updates on their specific visa category.

What Are the New Conditions or Restrictions for Getting an F-1 Visa?

Key Requirements:

These requirements apply to all nonimmigrant visa applicants, including those in student and exchange visitor categories such as F, M, and J nonimmigrant classifications.

  • Proof of Intent to Return: Must show ties to home country (property, family, job offers).
  • Political Activism Review: Consulates ask about activism, especially if it appears on social media.
  • Social Media Disclosure: Mandatory listing of handles; private accounts may raise suspicion.
  • Biometric & AI Vetting: Biometric and AI vetting procedures are now standard for nonimmigrant visas. Nonimmigrant visa applications in the F, M, and J nonimmigrant classifications, including student and exchange visitor categories, are subject to these expanded checks, which may flag applicants after issuance under new “Catch and Revoke” systems.

Tip: Keep online content clean and consistent with your application.

What If My F-1 Visa Was Suspended or Revoked?

Reinstatement Options for SEVIS-Terminated Students

Steps:

  1. Contact your DSO.
  2. Obtain a new I-20.
  3. Ensure you are enrolled at an accredited academic institution.
  4. File Form I-539 with USCIS.
  5. Submit documentation and fee.
  6. Maintain full-time study during process.

Note: If you are seeking work authorization, you must obtain an employment authorization document (EAD) from USCIS.

Risks:

  • Denial can lead to unlawful presence and a possible 3- or 10-year reentry bar.

Legal Help and Waivers

An immigration attorney can help with:

  • Preparing reinstatement packets.
  • Travel ban waiver applications.
  • Visa revocation challenges.
  • Complex interview preparation.
  • Assisting with visa interview waiver requests, including guidance on administrative processing and case reactivation steps.
  • Interpreting further guidance from the Department of State regarding changes in visa processing or waiver eligibility.

Recommended:Book a Consultation – Herman Legal Group

How Is the Trump Administration Changing Student Visa Policy?

Increased Surveillance

  • ICE monitors students more actively through SEVIS, with increased involvement from customs enforcement and border protection agencies.
  • Site visits, SEVP checks, and visa revocation cases have increased. Homeland security agencies are also involved in enforcing student visa compliance.

Activism Risks

  • Students involved in protests may face revocations or denial.
  • Avoid controversial online content and campus demonstrations.

EO 14161: Social Media and Security Checks

  • Expanded vetting of all applicants.
  • Ideological tests and anti-American content flagged.

For applicants seeking detailed information about the new social media and security check procedures, please refer to the official government resources or consult with a qualified immigration attorney.

What Can Students Do Now?

Tips for Success:

  • Monitor Embassy Status: Check consulate updates frequently, as student visa appointments may be limited due to visa appointment capacity. Additional student appointments may not be available at all locations.
  • Apply Early & Accurately: Include social media, employment, and educational history.
  • Stay in Status: Maintain full course load and comply with DSO rules.
  • Travel Wisely: Travel only if necessary; expired visas can delay reentry.
  • Update Social Media: Ensure accounts are accurate and appropriate.

Resources for Students and Legal Help

Frequently Asked Questions About Resumption of F-1 Student Visa Interviews

What changed in June 2025 regarding F-1 student visa interviews?After a temporary pause in May 2025, the U.S. State Department reinstated in-person F-1 student visa interviews in mid-June. New security screening and social media vetting protocols are now in place, resulting in longer wait times and more scrutiny during the interview process.

Are all U.S. embassies and consulates offering F-1 visa interviews again?Most consulates resumed scheduling F-1 interviews in late June 2025, but availability depends on local staffing, country-specific restrictions, and backlogs. Some locations may prioritize renewals or students with prior cancellations.

Do I need a new visa interview if my appointment was canceled during the May-June pause?If your appointment was canceled, you typically need to reschedule. Some consulates are giving priority rescheduling access to affected applicants, but you must check your consulate’s website for specific procedures.

What additional questions should I expect during my interview now?Consular officers may ask detailed questions about your social media activity, political views, sources of funding, ties to your home country, and post-graduation plans. Questions may focus on intent to return home, past activism, or possible violations of prior U.S. stays.

Is my social media now a formal part of the visa vetting process?Yes. Visa applicants are required to list all social media handles from the last five years. Officers now use automated tools and manual review to evaluate online behavior. Content suggesting extremist views, political violence, or intent to immigrate can result in denial.

Can I be denied a visa because of what I post online?Yes. Public posts that appear to support violence, extremist ideology, or anti-U.S. sentiment may be grounds for refusal. Even private or sarcastic content could trigger delays or administrative processing if misinterpreted.

What if I don’t use social media or leave that section blank?Leaving the social media section blank may raise suspicion unless you truly have no online presence. A complete lack of digital footprint can trigger secondary checks or a request for additional documentation.

How long are F-1 visa interview wait times now?Wait times vary by country and consulate. Some posts report delays of 6–12 weeks due to backlog, enhanced vetting, and reduced staffing. Summer 2025 is a high-demand season, so early scheduling is strongly recommended.

Can students from countries under visa bans apply for F-1 visas?Generally, no. Students from countries subject to full or partial suspensions under the June 2025 proclamation are ineligible unless they qualify for a national interest or hardship waiver, which is rarely granted.

What are common reasons for F-1 visa denial in 2025?

  • Failure to demonstrate nonimmigrant intent under INA 214(b)
  • Inadequate financial documentation
  • Red flags in social media or activism history
  • Lack of academic preparation or clarity of study plan
  • Country-specific security concerns
  • Incomplete or inaccurate visa applications can also lead to refusal

Can the consulate waive the interview requirement for returning students?In most cases, no. As of June 2025, interview waivers are very limited. Most returning students and renewals must appear for in-person interviews due to national security directives.

Will my past participation in political protests impact my visa application?Possibly. Students who have participated in certain types of activism—especially involving violent or anti-American rhetoric—may face delays, additional questioning, or outright denial. Peaceful advocacy could still be flagged if seen as politically sensitive.

Is the “Catch and Revoke” system still in effect?Yes. This system monitors social media and other digital activity even after a visa has been issued. If new derogatory information is found, the State Department may revoke your visa—even while you are still in the U.S.

Can I reapply immediately after a visa denial under the new policies?You may reapply, but unless you address the reason for denial, a second application is unlikely to succeed. You must provide stronger evidence or clarification in your new interview.

Do reinstated interviews mean that policy has returned to normal?No. Interviews are back, but with more stringent screening, additional questions, and longer processing times. The current policy is more restrictive than it was before May 2025.

Can I still qualify for F-1 if I’ve previously overstayed or had SEVIS issues?Possibly, but such history will be scrutinized. You’ll need to explain the violation, show rehabilitation or eligibility for reinstatement, and demonstrate strong compliance moving forward.

Are there new biometric requirements in 2025?Fingerprinting remains standard. There is discussion of expanding biometric screening (e.g., facial recognition, AI tracking), but no widespread rollout beyond standard collection as of June 2025.

What happens if I don’t receive a decision right after my interview?You may be placed in administrative processing. This is common under the 2025 rules if further background checks are needed. Processing can take weeks or months depending on the flags raised.

Does enrolling at a U.S. university guarantee I’ll get a visa?No. Admission to an accredited academic institution is only the first step. You must still pass the consular interview and meet all eligibility requirements, including showing nonimmigrant intent and sufficient funding.

Should I hire an immigration lawyer to help with my visa application?If your case is complex—such as a prior overstay, political concerns, visa revocation, or denial—it is wise to consult an immigration attorney. A lawyer can help strengthen your application and guide you through waivers or reinstatement if needed.

Can I still get an F-1 visa if my country is under a visa ban?Possibly, with a waiver, but it is very difficult.

What if my SEVIS record was terminated while in the U.S.?You must leave or apply for reinstatement quickly.

Can I travel abroad and return with an expired F-1 visa?No, you must obtain a valid visa to re-enter the U.S.

Are interviews being waived for renewals?Mostly no. Personal interviews are required under 2025 policy.

Are social media accounts being reviewed?Yes. Public and private activity is examined.

Will OPT be eliminated?No, but applications are under increased scrutiny.

Can visas be revoked after issuance?Yes, under “Catch and Revoke” programs or if risky behavior is detected.

Can I work during my studies?Yes, within F-1 rules: on-campus jobs, CPT, and post-graduation OPT.

Schedule a Consultation with Attorney Richard Herman

If you’re concerned about visa delays, SEVIS termination, or policy changes, it’s best to get legal advice. Attorney Richard Herman and the Herman Legal Group have helped thousands of international students, families, and schools navigate complex visa issues.

Book a personalized consultation:
www.lawfirm4immigrants.com/book-consultation

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Recent Statistic ICE Arrest Detention Removal Costs Impact: What Are The Figures?

Short Answer:

In 2025, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) dramatically expanded arrests and deportations. The Department of Homeland Security and other federal agencies oversee ICE operations, coordinating enforcement actions and policy directives. More than 100,000 arrests were made in the first half of the year, with nearly half of those detained having no criminal record. ICE detention populations have reached historic highs, with over 59,000 in custody as of June. Non-criminal deportations have surged. The cost of ICE operations is soaring, exceeding $17,000 per deportation and straining the agency’s budget, highlighting the need for additional federal funding to support enforcement priorities and capacity. This has led to serious impacts on families, communities, and due process. These enforcement actions also have significant implications for public safety, as federal agencies and departments prioritize protecting communities and maintaining national security.

Overview: ICE Enforcement in 2025

Trump’s Immigration Agenda

  • Aggressive enforcement resumed under Trump’s second term. Compared to the first Trump administration, the current approach continues and expands on the broad scope of immigration policies, enforcement actions, and detention practices established during that period.
  • ICE was directed to target 1 million deportations annually (about 3,000 per day), which includes conducting large-scale removal operations.

Key Differences From Previous Administrations

  • The Biden administration under President Joe Biden emphasized criminality and humanitarian protection.
  • Trump has removed most restrictions, targeting all undocumented immigrants.

The immigration system has undergone significant changes between the Biden and Trump administrations.

ICE Arrests: How Many and Who Is Targeted?

Arrest Surge

  • Over 100,000 arrests from January to June 2025.
  • Border Patrol has reported a surge in border crossings at the Southwest border, which has contributed to the overall increase in ICE arrests.
  • Arrests now average 1,200+ daily, peaking at over 2,000.

Target Profiles

  • Anyone without legal status, regardless of criminal record. Most noncitizens without legal status are subject to arrest, and ICE considers factors such as flight risk when making detention decisions.
  • Arrests of non-criminal immigrants increased by over 800%.
  • Arrests now include DACA recipients, TPS holders, and long-term residents.

Top Nationalities

  • Predominantly from Mexico and Central America.
  • Notable increases in removals of Venezuelans and other Latin American nationals.
  • ICE has also coordinated removals to other countries through international agreements.

Interior vs. Border Arrests

  • Over 70% of 2025 ICE detainees arrested inside the U.S.
  • ICE ERO is focusing on neighborhoods, workplaces, and check-ins.

ICE uses case management systems to monitor individuals arrested both in the interior and at the border, ensuring oversight and supervision tailored to each case.

Who Is Being Detained?

Detention Statistics

  • ICE detained over 59,000 people as of June 2025.
  • These statistics are reported and finalized at the end of each fiscal year, which can affect the accuracy and timing of updates.
  • Exceeds the funded capacity of 41,500 beds.

Detention Locations

  • Facilities operated by private contractors (e.g., CoreCivic, GEO Group).
  • County jails and large centers in Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi.
  • State jails, which are sometimes converted or expanded to detain immigrants as part of the broader detention infrastructure.
  • Family Residential Centers have resumed operations.

Length of Detention

  • Average for adults: ~55 days.
  • Children in family detention: ~23 days.

Criminal vs. Non-Criminal Detainees

  • Nearly 72% of ICE detainees have no criminal convictions.

Facility Conditions

  • Facilities operating at 140%+ capacity.
  • Reports of overcrowding, inadequate care, and poor conditions.

There have also been reports of the punitive use of solitary confinement in some facilities, raising concerns about inhumane treatment and the abuse of detainee rights.

ICE Removals and Deportations

Deportation Totals

  • Over 200,000 deportations reported from January to May 2025.
  • Slightly below 2024 figures due to fewer border expulsions.

Criminal vs. Non-Criminal

  • Nearly two-thirds of removals involved no criminal record.

Top Countries of Removal

  • Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador.
  • Venezuelans removed to third countries (e.g., El Salvador, Panama).

Special Operations

  • Deportation flights to Africa, Asia costing up to $300,000.
  • Family deportations involving U.S. citizen children.

Some special operations have involved the removal of individuals classified as alien enemies under the Alien Enemies Act, particularly those accused of human rights abuses such as torture, ethnic cleansing, or genocide.

Costs of ICE Operations

Per Person Costs

  • Estimated $17,000 per arrest-to-removal cycle.
  • Detention alone: ~$165/day for adults, ~$296/day for families.

Total Daily Cost

  • ~$9.7 million per day for 59,000 detainees.

Budget Impact

  • FY2024 ICE budget: $3.4 billion.
  • ICE requested $500 million in emergency funds in early 2025.
  • ICE projected to overspend by $2 billion.

Private Contractors

  • GEO Group and CoreCivic benefit from expanded contracts.

Human and Legal Impacts

Family Separation

  • U.S. citizen children deported with undocumented parents.
  • Long-term residents removed without recent criminal charges.

Community Fear

  • Fear of ICE raids impacting school attendance, healthcare visits.
  • Protest and tension in sanctuary cities and major metros.

Due Process Concerns

  • 70% of detainees have no legal representation.
  • Expedited removal bypasses hearings for many. Many detainees face expedited removal without access to immigration courts.

Wrongful Detentions

  • Reports of U.S. citizens mistakenly detained.
  • Asylum seekers arrested at ICE offices and courts.

What Can Immigrants Do?

Know Your Rights

  • Right to remain silent.
  • ICE cannot enter homes without a signed judicial warrant.

Emergency Planning

  • Assign guardianship for children.
  • Keep documents and contacts ready.

Legal Defenses

  • Asylum, cancellation of removal, U visa, T visa, VAWA.
  • TPS, DACA renewals, motions to reopen, voluntary departure.

Legal Help Resources

Resources and Official Data

FAQs based on recent 2025 statistics on ICE arrests, detention, removals, costs, and impacts, including criminal vs non-criminal enforcement:

How many people has ICE arrested so far in 2025?ICE arrested over 100,000 people between January and June 2025, with arrest rates averaging over 1,200 people per day and peaking at more than 2,000 on some days.

Is ICE arresting people without criminal records?Yes. In 2025, ICE significantly expanded arrests of non-criminal immigrants. Nearly one-third of those arrested and booked into ICE custody had no criminal record, and arrests of non-criminal immigrants increased by over 800% in the first half of the year.

What’s the difference between a criminal and non-criminal ICE arrest?A criminal arrest involves someone with a prior conviction or pending criminal charge. A non-criminal arrest refers to individuals who are deportable based solely on immigration violations (e.g., visa overstay, illegal entry) with no criminal record.

What types of people are being detained by ICE in 2025?ICE detains a mix of individuals including asylum seekers, visa overstays, long-term undocumented residents, families with children, and recent border crossers. As of June 2025, about 72% of detainees had no criminal convictions. Some individuals are held under mandatory detention laws, which require authorities to detain certain categories of immigrants—such as those with specific criminal histories or immigration violations—without the possibility of a bond hearing.

How many people are currently detained by ICE?As of June 2025, ICE was detaining over 59,000 people—exceeding both historical norms and the agency’s funded detention capacity.

Are minors and families being detained?Yes. ICE resumed family detention in 2025. While unaccompanied minors are generally placed in the custody of Health and Human Services, children accompanied by parents may be held in family residential centers.

What is the average cost of detaining an immigrant in ICE custody?ICE detention costs average around $165 per person per day. Family detention can cost $296 or more per person per day. Deporting one immigrant costs approximately $17,000 when accounting for arrest, detention, legal processing, and transportation.

How much does ICE spend on detentions and deportations overall?In 2025, ICE was spending about $9.7 million per day on detention alone. ICE reported a $2 billion budget shortfall by mid-year, with Congress providing emergency funds to avoid disruptions.

Who profits from immigration detention?Private prison companies such as GEO Group and CoreCivic operate many ICE facilities and earn substantial profits from government contracts to house detainees.

Has ICE exceeded its detention capacity?Yes. ICE’s detention population surpassed its funded capacity of 41,500 beds, reaching about 59,000 by June 2025. Some facilities have operated at 140% capacity or more, raising health and safety concerns.

Are U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents being mistakenly detained?Yes, there have been instances in 2025 where U.S. citizens or green card holders were mistakenly arrested or detained by ICE due to database errors or misidentification.

What is expedited removal, and who does it affect?Expedited removal allows ICE to deport certain individuals without a court hearing, particularly if they entered recently or have no proof of continuous U.S. presence for two years. It is increasingly used in 2025.

Are there consequences for families when a parent is deported?Yes. Family separation is a major consequence of ICE enforcement. In some 2025 cases, U.S. citizen children have been deported with their undocumented parents, sometimes without adequate arrangements for the child’s needs.

How can I find out if a loved one is in ICE custody?You can use the ICE Online Detainee Locator System or call the ICE Detention Reporting and Information Line at 1-888-351-4024 to locate a detained person.

Can ICE arrest someone at a courthouse or check-in?Yes. In 2025, ICE has conducted arrests at courthouses and during scheduled ICE check-ins, including of immigrants who complied with legal requirements and had no criminal history.

What happens after someone is arrested by ICE?The individual may be detained and placed into removal proceedings. Depending on their case, they might be eligible for bond, a court hearing, or face expedited removal.

Do immigrants in ICE custody have access to a lawyer?There is no guaranteed right to a government-appointed lawyer in immigration court. Most detained immigrants must find private or nonprofit legal representation on their own. Roughly 70% of detained immigrants lack legal counsel.

Are alternatives to detention being used in 2025?ICE has reduced its use of alternatives to detention (like electronic monitoring or check-ins) in favor of physical detention, despite these alternatives costing significantly less.

How are international students affected by ICE enforcement in 2025?F-1 and J-1 visa holders who overstay or violate status may face arrest and removal. ICE has targeted students for minor violations, especially those who fall out of status or lack updated SEVIS records.

What are some legal defenses to deportation?Common defenses include asylum, cancellation of removal, adjustment of status through a family member, and special visas for victims (U, T, or VAWA). Eligibility depends on individual circumstances and timing.

Can ICE deport someone without warning?Yes. ICE may arrest individuals during routine interactions, including work, home visits, or check-ins. In cases involving prior removal orders, ICE can act without further court proceedings.

Are deportation numbers higher in 2025 than previous years?Deportations have increased compared to recent years, especially for interior arrests. However, the total number in early 2025 was slightly lower than the same period in 2024, largely due to fewer border expulsions.

Is it legal to deport U.S. citizen children with undocumented parents?U.S. citizen children cannot be deported by ICE. However, ICE has deported entire families when a parent chose to bring their citizen child with them rather than leave them behind, raising humanitarian concerns.

What is the impact of ICE enforcement on communities?Widespread ICE activity causes fear, reduces trust in law enforcement, disrupts families, and discourages immigrants from accessing education, healthcare, and reporting crimes.

How can someone protect themselves if undocumented?They should know their rights, avoid unnecessary risks, carry valid documents if applicable, consult with an attorney, and prepare an emergency plan including custody arrangements for children.

How can legal representation help someone in deportation proceedings?An immigration attorney can evaluate options, represent the individual in court, help file legal relief applications, and increase the chances of avoiding deportation. Individuals with lawyers are significantly more likely to win their cases.

What is ICE’s justification for mass arrests of non-criminals?The Trump administration has defined all undocumented immigrants as enforcement priorities, regardless of criminal history. ICE’s stated mission includes enforcing civil immigration law without exceptions based on criminal background.

Where can I get legal help or information about detention?Legal help can be found through organizations such as AILA, the Immigration Advocates Network, or local nonprofits. Detention information can be accessed via ICE’s official website or by contacting their hotline.

What should I do if I’m approached by ICE?Remain calm, assert your right to remain silent, do not sign anything without legal advice, and do not allow entry into your home without a judicial warrant. Contact a lawyer immediately if detained.

Schedule a Legal Consultation Today

The statistics are clear: ICE is targeting more immigrants than ever before, including many without criminal records. If you or a loved one are undocumented, at risk of arrest, or need to understand your legal options, now is the time to act.

Schedule a consultation with Attorney Richard Herman today.

With over 30 years of experience, Herman Legal Group offers:

  • Individual case assessments.
  • Strategic defense planning.
  • Representation before ICE and immigration court.
  • Support for families, students, workers, and asylum seekers.

Book your confidential consultation now at:
https://www.lawfirm4immigrants.com/book-consultation/

Get informed. Be prepared. Have a lawyer by your side.

Understanding the Supreme Court’s Order Allowing Trump to Deport to Third Country: What Does It Mean for Me?

Short Answer:

The Supreme Court’s June 2025 decision allows the Trump administration to deport asylum seekers to third countries—places that are neither their home country nor the U.S.—even if those countries are unsafe, under the supreme court’s order permitting deportation without providing migrants with written notice or a chance to contest their removal. This means you could be sent to a place like Sudan or Libya without warning, unless you take legal action fast. Critics warn that thousands will suffer violence, torture, or death as a result of this policy. If you’re undocumented, have a removal order, or are seeking asylum at the border or a port of entry, your risk of deportation has increased. Legal help is more important than ever.

A Quick Summary of the Supreme Court’s Decision

In June 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in a 5–4 decision that the Trump administration’s policy to deport asylum seekers to third countries—even those with high risks of violence, persecution, or instability—is constitutional under existing immigration law. This ruling followed a legal challenge brought by advocacy groups and affected individuals, which questioned the legality of bypassing certain procedural protections for migrants. The Supreme Court’s order ultimately allowed the administration to proceed with these deportations.

  • The case centered on whether the government can forcibly transfer asylum seekers to other countries under bilateral or informal agreements.
  • The majority ruled that asylum law doesn’t guarantee protection inside the U.S., and that sending people to “safe third countries”—even if they are not truly safe—is legally permissible unless Congress blocks it.
  • The Court upheld the administration’s interpretation of Section 208(a)(2)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA).

This decision now clears the way for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to accelerate third-country deportations, especially for people arriving at the border or seeking protection after entering the U.S., even though migrants are statutorily entitled to notice and an opportunity to present their fears of harm before removal—protections that the Supreme Court’s order has now limited.

👉 Read the full opinion on the Supreme Court’s site

How Did We Get Here? The Legal Background

Trump’s 2025 asylum policy revival is not new. It builds on:

  • 2019 “Safe Third Country” agreements under Trump’s first term (with Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras)
  • The 2020 Remain in Mexico (MPP) program, which stranded asylum seekers in Mexican border towns
  • A shift in Executive Branch authority, allowing broader discretion in removing asylum seekers
  • The 2023 D.C. Circuit ruling, where the district court initially blocked the new third-country policy on humanitarian grounds—now overturned

After these rulings, the Supreme Court found that the district court exceeded its remedial powers by interfering with the government’s deportation procedures, and the circuit court’s decision was overturned.

At the heart of the legal battle was whether DHS must prove a country is actually safe before deporting someone there. The Supreme Court ruled that neither the courts nor immigrants can block deportation based solely on danger unless they meet higher legal thresholds.

What Is a ‘Third Country Deportation’?

A third-country deportation is when the U.S. sends an asylum seeker to a country that is neither their homeland nor the U.S. Deportation can occur to any country willing to accept the migrant.

This policy applies to:

  • Border arrivals and port-of-entry asylum seekers
  • People in expedited removal
  • Individuals with pending asylum cases or removal orders

Examples of countries potentially used for third-country deportations include:

  • Libya
  • Sudan
  • El Salvador
  • Guatemala
  • Honduras
  • Colombia
  • Morocco
  • Panama

The U.S. may not notify immigrants in advance of where they’ll be sent. Agreements may be secret or informal. Even people with strong persecution claims may be told they must seek asylum in the third country instead, despite the risks involved in such a deportation.

What Legal Rights Do I Still Have?

Migrants are constitutionally and statutorily entitled to have the government provide notice and a meaningful opportunity to present their fears, such as torture or persecution, before deportation. However, the Supreme Court’s decision has curtailed these protections.

Even after the Supreme Court ruling, immigrants still have some rights:

  • You can request a “reasonable fear” or “credible fear” interview if you believe the third country is unsafe
  • You can still apply for asylum in the U.S. if you fall within limited exceptions
  • You have the right to appeal or seek review in federal court if DHS violates its own procedures
  • You can still seek protection under the Convention Against Torture (CAT) or withholding of removal if you fear torture or persecution anywhere

But the window for protection is shrinking, and the standards are high. A quick removal may happen within hours or days of your encounter with immigration authorities.

👉 Know Your Rights at the Border – ACLU

What Are My Options If I’m Affected?

If you’re at risk of being deported to a third country, take action fast. The Supreme Court’s recent decision granted the government emergency relief, allowing it to quickly resume removals.

  1. Talk to an immigration lawyer immediately
  2. Document your fear of harm in the third country (photos, medical reports, police reports).
  3. File for emergency stays or humanitarian protection.
  4. Seek asylum alternatives, such as:
  • Withholding of Removal
  • Protection under CAT
  • U-visas, T-visas, or Special Immigrant Juvenile Status (SIJS) if eligible

Deportation planes are now being used to expedite the process, so time is critical.

Special Note for U.S.-Based Family:

If your loved one is at risk, help them gather documents and connect with legal aid groups. Family advocacy can delay or block deportation in some cases.

👉 USCIS Asylum Resources

What Happens Next in Court and Policy?

Even though the Supreme Court upheld the policy, litigation continues in other forms:

  • A new class-action lawsuit filed in the Ninth Circuit represents class members challenging the third country removal process, specifically deportations to non-signatory countries (those with no formal agreement)
  • Immigration advocates are pushing Congress to pass protections for asylum seekers at ports of entry
  • The United Nations and other human rights groups are investigating possible international law violations

Other policy developments may include:

  • Expansion of “safe third country” deals with North African and Latin American countries, with foreign policy considerations and State Department travel advisories influencing which countries are selected for deportation
  • Crackdowns at airports and CBP preclearance zones
  • Broader use of expedited removal powers, even in interior U.S. cities

👉 ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations

FAQs on the Supreme Court’s Decision Allowing Trump to Deport Immigrants to Third Countries

What does the Supreme Court decision actually say?The decision upholds the Trump administration’s authority to deport asylum seekers to third countries—countries other than their home country or the U.S.—even if the deported individuals fear persecution in those countries. The Court ruled that such transfers are lawful under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) if the government claims the third country is “safe.” Justice Sonia Sotomayor and the three liberal justices dissented, arguing that the court rewards noncompliance and is rewarding lawlessness by the federal government, allowing removals even when legal procedures have been openly flouted.

Who can be deported to a third country under this policy?Asylum seekers at the U.S. border or ports of entry, individuals in expedited removal proceedings, and people with pending asylum claims or removal orders are all vulnerable. Even families, children, and those with Temporary Protected Status (TPS) or parole may be affected under certain circumstances. The policy was implemented under President Donald Trump and defended in court by the Solicitor General.

What is a ‘third country deportation’?A third country deportation involves sending an immigrant to a country that is neither their country of origin nor the U.S. It is based on the idea that the third country can offer adequate protection or allow the person to seek asylum there instead.

Do I have to agree to be deported to a third country?No. The policy allows for forced transfer, meaning you do not have to consent. However, you may have limited legal recourse once a removal order is issued unless you assert specific legal protections immediately.

Can I be deported to a country I have never been to before?Yes. Under this policy, the U.S. can deport someone to a third country even if the person has no family, history, or connection to that country and has never set foot there.

Are there any limits on which countries the U.S. can send asylum seekers to?There are few clear limits. While the INA references “safe third countries,” the U.S. government can unilaterally deem a country “safe,” even if it has a record of instability, human rights abuses, or lacks a functioning asylum system. The Supreme Court’s order allows deportation even if there is only a remote possibility of harm to the migrant in the third country.

Could I be deported to a country with active war or persecution, like Sudan or Libya?Yes. Critics of the policy warn that countries such as Sudan or Libya—where armed conflict, political instability, or weak asylum infrastructure exist—could still be used as deportation destinations under bilateral or informal arrangements. Deportations to countries like South Sudan have raised concerns about the risk that migrants will suffer violence or persecution after removal.

Does the U.S. need an agreement with a third country before deporting someone there?No. The Supreme Court decision allows the U.S. to carry out third-country deportations even in the absence of formal agreements, provided the government asserts the country is “safe.”

Will I be notified before being deported to a third country?Not necessarily. Many people may receive limited or no notice about their transfer, especially if they are in expedited removal or detained without counsel. Under the Supreme Court’s order, the government is not required to provide written notice or a meaningful opportunity to respond before deportation, and there is no obligation for the government to provide notice in these cases.

What legal options do I have to stop a third country deportation?You can request a credible or reasonable fear interview, file for withholding of removal or protection under the Convention Against Torture, and seek legal review in federal court. These options must be exercised quickly and often require legal representation. The original lower court ruling, issued by Judge Murphy (District Judge Brian Murphy), granted an injunction in a legal challenge brought by eight migrants, but the Supreme Court later stayed that order.

Can I still apply for asylum in the U.S. if a third country is involved?Yes, but only in limited cases. If you can prove that the third country is not safe or that you would face torture or persecution there, you may still qualify under certain exceptions. Otherwise, your asylum application may be denied or transferred.

Does this ruling affect green card holders or people with TPS or DACA?It could. If someone with a green card, TPS, or DACA is detained and placed in removal proceedings for a legal or technical violation, they could theoretically be subject to this policy. It does not automatically apply, but the risks are higher in 2025 due to aggressive enforcement. Criminal convictions or being labeled as criminal illegal aliens can increase the risk of being targeted for third country deportation.

What happens to families and unaccompanied children under this policy?Families may be deported together or separated, and children may be transferred alone to a third country. The policy applies broadly, but certain protections under U.S. child welfare and immigration law may still apply to unaccompanied minors.

Are immigration courts involved in third country deportation decisions?In many cases, no. If someone is subject to expedited removal, there may be no formal hearing before deportation occurs. However, if legal challenges are filed quickly, federal courts may become involved. Immigration proceedings may be bypassed, and the application of federal law and judicially created procedures is at issue in these cases.

Can I appeal a decision to deport me to a third country?You can attempt to appeal or file a petition for review in federal court, but time limits are strict. Many people are removed before they can secure legal help unless they act quickly. The Supreme Court found that the district court exceeded its remedial powers when it issued a nationwide injunction against the policy.

How quickly can deportation to a third country happen?In some cases, within 24 to 72 hours of apprehension. There is often no meaningful opportunity to consult with a lawyer or family before deportation occurs. The government has openly flouted court orders in the past and used deportation planes to expedite removals.

Are there countries that are completely exempt from being used as third countries?No countries are categorically exempt under the ruling. The administration has broad discretion to designate which countries can be used.

What should I do if I fear deportation to a third country?Seek legal help immediately, assert fear of harm during any DHS or CBP interaction, and gather documentation to support your claim. You may need to request a fear interview or file emergency relief in court.

Can U.S. citizens do anything to help family members at risk?Yes. U.S. citizens can hire attorneys, assist in gathering evidence, raise media attention, and submit humanitarian parole or sponsorship requests on behalf of detained loved ones.

Is this policy permanent?Not necessarily. While upheld by the Supreme Court, future presidential administrations or Congress could revoke or restrict this policy. Ongoing legal challenges in lower courts and changes in federal law or foreign policy could also alter or end the policy.

Where can I find help if I or a loved one may be affected?Start with:

  • A trusted immigration attorney
  • Nonprofit legal aid groups
  • Asylum and refugee service organizations

Act quickly to avoid irreversible outcomes.

How to Find Legal Help for Asylum Now

The Supreme Court decision increases urgent demand for legal assistance. Many immigrants mistakenly accept deportation or miss key legal options without knowing it.

Where to start:

Legal support can help you:

  • Challenge a third-country transfer
  • File the correct paperwork under tight deadlines
  • Gather documentation to prove danger
  • Negotiate with DHS for parole or deferral

Conclusion and Next Steps: What Should You Do Now?

The Supreme Court’s decision to allow the Trump administration to deport migrants to third countries marks a turning point in U.S. immigration policy. By granting the Department of Homeland Security the authority to remove illegal aliens to countries willing to accept them, the Court has paved the way for a significant increase in third country removals—even to places where migrants may face violence or lack basic protections.

This ruling, which drew strong dissents from liberal justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Ketanji Brown Jackson, has raised serious concerns among immigrant rights groups and legal advocates. The justices warned that the Supreme Court’s order could strip thousands of migrants of critical due process protections and meaningful opportunities to present their claims before being sent to unfamiliar and potentially dangerous third countries.

For individuals and families at risk, the message is clear: now is the time to act. The Trump administration’s renewed focus on mass deportations and efforts to end Temporary Protected Status mean that anyone with an uncertain immigration status could be affected. The Department of Homeland Security is moving quickly to execute its lawful authority, and the window for legal intervention may be short.

If you or someone you know is facing possible removal, seek guidance from a qualified immigration attorney as soon as possible. Stay informed about ongoing legal challenges—organizations like the National Immigration Litigation Alliance are actively fighting for critical due process protections and working to hold the government accountable. District courts still have remedial powers to issue injunctions in certain cases, and legal challenges can sometimes delay or prevent deportation, especially when process protections are at stake.

Advocacy remains essential. Immigrant rights groups are mobilizing to challenge the Trump administration’s policies and to ensure that the rights of affected migrants are not overlooked in the name of national security efforts. By staying engaged, supporting legal challenges, and raising awareness, individuals and organizations can help push for a more humane and just approach to immigration.

In this rapidly changing environment, knowledge is power. Monitor updates from trusted sources, understand your rights, and don’t hesitate to seek help. The Supreme Court’s decision is not the end of the story—continued advocacy and legal action are crucial to protecting the dignity and safety of all migrants.

Operation At Large ICE Targeting Urban Immigrants: What Is It Under Trump’s Second Term?

Short Answer:

Operation At Large is a large-scale immigration enforcement initiative under President Trump’s second term, targeting undocumented immigrants in U.S. cities through expanded ICE raids, arrests, and deportations. The operation is part of Trump’s crackdown on immigration, often referred to as “Trump’s crackdown,” which has led to increased enforcement actions and workplace raids across the country. Federal agents, working alongside ICE, are conducting these operations. The operation builds on earlier plans such as “Operation Safeguard” and is designed to carry out mass detentions, particularly in urban areas.

ICE Operation at large; who it impacts, costs

What Is Operation At Large?

Operation At Large is the Trump administration’s intensified immigration enforcement campaign launched in 2025. The operation is a product of the Trump administration’s approach to immigration policy, reflecting a significant shift in enforcement priorities. It involves thousands of ICE agents, Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) personnel, law enforcement officers working in coordination with ICE and federal agents, DOJ personnel, and possibly National Guard troops conducting targeted sweeps in urban centers. The operation is designed to enforce federal immigration laws and is rooted in the broader framework of U.S. immigration laws.

  • The plan focuses on detaining undocumented immigrants in cities and aims to enforce federal immigration laws in urban areas.
  • It’s reported to involve more agents and broader coverage than past operations.
  • It revives and expands earlier initiatives like “Operation Safeguard.”

Operation At Large is part of a second-term strategy to execute what officials have described as the most extensive mass deportation effort in U.S. history. The campaign places a heavy focus on Democratic-run cities with large immigrant populations.

Who Is Most Affected?

This operation predominantly targets:

  • Individuals in the country illegally, including undocumented migrants and those referred to as ‘illegal aliens’ in enforcement language, in cities—even those without criminal records. Many of these individuals are not considered criminals under the law, despite being targeted by enforcement actions.
  • DACA and TPS recipients, who although have limited protection, are not fully exempt.
  • Green card holders, if they are accused of crimes or violations.
  • Mixed-status families, where citizens live with non-citizen relatives.

Many of those affected are workers in key industries such as construction and agriculture. Each worker detained or deported represents a significant loss to their family and community.

Important Reminders:

  • DACA protections remain valid until expiration (DACA Overview).
  • TPS recipients cannot be detained based solely on their status (TPS Policy).
  • USCIS continues to process renewals.

Examples of Enforcement:

  • Urban immigration raids targeting homes, workplaces, and public spaces, often conducted by immigration agents or immigration authorities as part of broader enforcement action.
  • Collateral arrests of individuals not named in warrants during these enforcement actions.
  • Arrests at grocery stores, bus stops, and residential areas carried out by immigration agents during immigration raids.

What Happens After an ICE Arrest?

  1. Initial Detention
  • Federal authorities, including customs enforcement agents, may arrest and detain individuals during street operations, home raids, or workplace raids. During workplace raids, employees may be arrested, detained, or questioned as part of the process.
  • Detainees are sent to immigration detention facilities.
  1. Removal Proceedings
  • Most face a judge in immigration court.
  • Legal relief options include asylum, adjustment of status, or cancellation of removal.
  1. Expedited Removal
  • Some may be deported without a hearing if deemed ineligible for relief.
  1. Bond Hearings
  • You may request a bond hearing to be released while your case proceeds.
  1. Voluntary Departure vs. Deportation
  • Voluntary departure avoids a formal removal order.
  • Deportation often involves chartered government flights.

How to Prepare Legally in Urban Communities

Legal Rights to Know:

  • You have the right to remain silent.
  • You are not obligated to let ICE in without a valid judicial warrant.
  • Do not sign documents without legal counsel.

Family Emergency Plan:

  • Store passports, IDs, birth certificates in a safe place.
  • Share attorney contact information with trusted friends.
  • Prepare care plans for children in case of detention.

Rapid Response Teams and Community Resources:

  • Know your local rapid-response hotline.
  • Participate in local “Know Your Rights” training.
  • Join online tools like the ICEwatch map.
  • Be aware that community organizations may hold news conferences or organize protests in response to enforcement actions.

Toolkit Resources:

Legal Options If You Are Detained

  • Asylum: Based on fear of persecution in your home country.
  • Cancellation of Removal: Available for long-term residents under certain criteria.
  • Adjustment of Status: If you qualify through a relative or employer.
  • VAWA / U Visa / T Visa: For victims of abuse, trafficking, or crime.

Working with a legal professional is essential to identify and file for relief in a timely manner.

What Operation At Large Will Cost U.S. Taxpayers

While defending national security, large-scale immigration operations like Operation At Large—a major bust in immigration enforcement—carry high price tags. These operations are funded by the federal government, and the costs impact the entire nation, not just specific cities or states. The financial and social impact of these operations is often most acutely felt at the city level, where local services and communities are directly affected. Let’s break down where that money goes—so you can see what’s at stake.

1. Arrest, Detention & Removal Costs

Estimates suggest the average cost to arrest, detain, and remove one undocumented person is approximately $17,121—a figure that includes arrest processing, detention center expenses, legal proceedings, and deportation flightsdhs.govnypost.com.

• If ICE arrests 10,000 employees under this operation, taxpayers would spend $171 million just for that round.

• For 50,000 arrests, the cost balloons to $856 million.

2. Detention Center & Daily Rates

ICE detains individuals at private or government-run facilities. At least half, and in some cases more than half, of those detained are hardworking people who contribute significantly to the economy. Here’s what that might cost:

  • Single adults in ICE custody: about $236.52/day, with average stays near 55 days = approx $13,008/person.
  • Children with families: about $481.79/day, with average stays near 23.5 days = approx $11,323/person

Large operations spike aggregate costs quickly:

  • Detaining 10,000 adults = $130 million, plus
  • Detaining 10,000 children/families = $113 million, totaling $243 million in detention costs alone.

3. Judicial & Legal Processing

Deportation requires legal hearings. Scaling up would require hiring:

  • Nearly 2,000 new immigration judges
  • Over 1,100 new courtrooms
  • More DHS attorneys and clerks

Altogether, increasing capacity to process 1 million cases/year adds an estimated $12.6 billion annually—and that’s just for the courts, not enforcement or detention.

4. Deportation Flights & Transportation

Once deported, individuals are sent back by plane. The average deportation flight costs $17,000 per hour, with an average of $14,000 per person removed in 2024, rising from $10,070 in 2015. DHS has stated that transport, processing, and flights amount to $7 billion/year for 1 million removals.

  • A single deportation flight might cost $250,000, depending on distance and charter type.
  • Using military aircraft is even more expensive—military flights to India cost around $3 million, or $20,000 per person.

5. Infrastructure & Private Detention Contracts

To scale operations, ICE uses private companies and no-bid contracts:

  • Reopening facilities through groups like CoreCivic and GEO incurs hundreds of millions in revenue to private operatorsapnews.com.
  • Example: the South Texas Family Residential Center cost $19 million/month, or $296/person/dayen.wikipedia.org.
  • Proposal for “Alligator Alcatraz” detention center also reflects high infrastructure requirements; ICE reported being $1 billion over budget from existing capacity limitationsnypost.com.

Total Taxpayer Burden

Putting it all together, carrying out a nationwide ICE enforcement operation could cost tens of billions annually:

Expense Category

Estimated Cost for 1 Million Cases
Arrest & Removal $17,121/person × 1M = $17.1B
Detention (Adults + Kids) ~$20B (conservative based on daily rates × length of stay)
Court Infrastructure $12.6B/year
Deportation Flights $7B/year
Private Detention Beds Hundreds of millions
Overruns & Coordination Adds billions

Annual totals easily surpass $40 billion—and likely incline higher factoring in legal challenges, infrastructure, and ancillary support. Scaling further (e.g., 3,000 arrests per day) could push costs toward seven figures per deportee and hundreds of billions overall.

Why Costs Matter

  • Tax dollars diverted: Spending here draws from budgets that could support schools, roads, and healthcare.
  • Economic impact: Removing large numbers of workers disrupts industries such as agriculture, construction sites, and food production, with enforcement actions targeting these sectors in states like Florida, Washington, and other states. Major cities—including Los Angeles, Washington, and those in Florida—have seen significant workplace raids, often involving state law enforcement in coordination with federal agencies. Los Angeles County, in particular, has become a focal point for enforcement and economic disruption, especially in agriculture and construction. The United Farm Workers have responded by advocating for farmworkers affected by these operations. California alone could lose $275 billion in economic activity from mass deportations. While these operations are often justified as focusing on individuals involved in violent crimes, in practice, many of those detained have no history of such offenses.
  • Policy trade-offs: Critics argue these resources could be better invested in sustainable immigration solutions.

How Herman Legal Group Can Help

  • Risk Assessments: We evaluate your immigration status and legal options.
  • Emergency Legal Help: 24/7 support for detention cases.
  • Bond Representation: We request bond hearings and advocate for your release.
  • Deportation Defense: Full representation in immigration court.
  • TPS and DACA Renewals: Fast-tracked filings to protect your work permit.
  • Family-Based Petitions: Adjustment of status and consular processing.
  • Community Advocacy: Know Your Rights workshops and local support networks.

Contact us today: Schedule a Consultation

What support is available?
Herman Legal Group offers full legal services and works with local community organizations to help protect your rights.

Conclusion

Operation At Large is not just a legal and humanitarian issue—but a significant financial undertaking. Choosing this path means dedicating tens of billions of taxpayer dollars annually to enforcement, courts, detention, and deportations, with ripple effects on public services, economic productivity, and communities.

Schedule a Confidential Consultation with Attorney Richard Herman Today

If you or a loved one is worried about being targeted by ICE under Operation At Large—whether you’re undocumented, have a past removal order, or are applying for immigration relief—now is the time to act.

Richard Herman, founder of the Herman Legal Group, has spent over 25 years fighting for immigrants’ rights across the United States. He understands the fear, confusion, and urgency that families face during immigration crackdowns. Whether you’re seeking to reopen a case, apply for legal status, or simply understand your rights, you don’t have to face ICE alone.

We offer confidential, compassionate, and strategic legal counsel to protect you and your family.

✅ Get clear answers about your legal options
✅ Develop a personalized plan to avoid arrest or deportation
✅ File urgent motions to stop removal or request a stay
✅ Fight back with experience on your side

Your freedom and future may depend on the steps you take right now. Let us help you fight back.

Book your private consultation today:
👉 www.lawfirm4immigrants.com/book-consultation

Don’t wait for ICE to come to your door. Get legal protection now.

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How Does New Travel Ban Impact Me? Entry Suspensions for 19 Countries, and 36 Countries on Watch List in June 2025

Quick Answer:

In June 2025, the Trump administration expanded the travel ban, blocking entry and visa issuance for citizens of 19 countries and placing 36 more on a security watch list. If you’re from or have family in one of these countries, your ability to obtain a U.S. visa or enter the country may now be suspended. However, there are some exceptions and legal options available. This guide will walk you through what to expect, who is impacted, and what steps you can take.

Overview of the June 2025 Travel Ban

In June 2025, Presidential Proclamation 10949 reintroduced and expanded prior travel restrictions. It fully suspends entry for citizens of 12 countries and partially suspends visa access for 7 others. These entry restrictions are imposed under United States immigration laws and are enforced through rigorous screening and vetting protocols to assess national security risks. Additionally, 36 countries were warned that they may be added to the list if they do not improve their cooperation on identity verification, information sharing, and deportation enforcement.

Purpose of the Ban: National Security Considerations

  • National security enhancement
  • Pressure foreign governments to improve ID verification and deportation cooperation
  • Target visa overstays and identity fraud risks
  • Proactively identifying security risks among foreign nationals seeking entry

Who Is Impacted?

  • Foreign nationals and visa applicants from listed countries applying for new visas
  • Families of U.S. citizens or residents from restricted countries
  • Asylum seekers and refugee applicants
  • Immigrants in deportation proceedings

Any foreign national traveling from a designated country may be subject to additional scrutiny or denial of entry.

Countries and Visa Types Affected

Countries Fully Banned (All Visas Suspended):

  • Afghanistan
    Afghan special immigrant visas and other special immigrant visas may be exempt from the full ban under certain circumstances.
  • Burma (Myanmar)
  • Chad
  • Republic of the Congo
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Eritrea
  • Haiti
  • Iran
  • Libya
  • Somalia
  • Sudan
  • Yemen

Countries with Partial Visa Restrictions:

  • Burundi
  • Cuba
  • Laos
  • Sierra Leone
  • Togo
  • Turkmenistan
  • Venezuela

Partial restrictions often target nonimmigrant visa categories, such as F, M, and J visas, including exchange visitors and their dependents. J visas for exchange visitors are among the most commonly restricted categories in these countries.

Watch List (36 Countries At Risk of Future Bans):

  • Includes Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Syria, Cambodia, Tanzania, and many African and Caribbean nations. These and other countries are monitored for compliance due to concerns about other national security threats.
  • These countries have been given 60 days to meet U.S. vetting and deportation compliance standards

Visa Types Affected:

  • Immigrant visas (green cards). Family immigrant visas, which allow for family reunification, are among those most affected by the new restrictions.
  • Nonimmigrant visas such as:
    • B-1/B-2 (visitor)
    • F, M, J (student and exchange)
    • K-1 (fiancé)
    • DV Lottery visas
      Travelers holding a valid nonimmigrant visa or valid visas issued before the effective date may be exempt from the new restrictions.

International organization visas are generally not subject to the travel ban and remain valid for representatives of recognized organizations.

Visa Types Generally Not Banned (for some partially restricted countries): Immediate Family Immigrant Visas

  • H-1B (specialty workers)
  • L-1 (intra-company transfers)
  • O-1 (extraordinary ability)

Exceptions and Waiver Process

Exemptions: You may not be affected by the ban if:

  • You are a lawful permanent resident (green card holder)
  • You are a dual national using a passport from a non-banned country
  • You already had a valid visa before June 9, 2025
  • You hold diplomatic or NATO visas
  • You have been granted asylum or refugee status
  • You are a spouse, child, or parent of a U.S. citizen (immediate relative visa categories)
  • You are applying for immediate family immigrant visas as a spouse, child, or parent of a U.S. citizen.
  • You are an adopted child of a U.S. citizen
  • You qualify for a Special Immigrant Visa (SIV)
  • You are an ethnic and religious minority or religious minority facing persecution (in limited cases)
  • You are traveling for events like the Olympics or World Cup

Waiver Process: Applicants must provide clear and convincing evidence or other convincing evidence of national interest, humanitarian need, or law enforcement benefit to be considered for a waiver.

Waiver Process:

  • No formal waiver application
  • Case-by-case consideration by consular or DHS officials
  • Must show national interest, humanitarian need, or law enforcement benefit

Limitations of Waivers:

  • Rarely granted
  • Not available for general humanitarian reasons like family reunions or medical emergencies

Consequences and Legal Strategies

If You Are Outside the U.S.:

  • Visa applications will be denied for listed countries unless you meet an exemption
    Visa applications may be denied if your country lacks a reliable cooperative central authority for issuing civil documents or if your passport issued is not recognized as valid by U.S. authorities.
  • Travel plans will be canceled or postponed
  • Immigrant petitions (e.g., I-130) may be delayed or stopped

If You Are Inside the U.S.:

  • The travel ban does not force you to leave
  • You can remain legally under your current status
  • You should not travel internationally unless exempt

If You Are in Deportation Proceedings:

  • The ban may signal stricter enforcement
  • Deportation may be delayed if your country won’t issue travel documents, or if entry into the United States is restricted for nationals of your country
  • You may still apply for asylum or withholding of removal

Strategies to Consider:

These strategies apply to both immigrants and nonimmigrants affected by the travel ban:

  • Maintain valid immigration status (e.g., F-1, TPS, DACA)
  • Apply for adjustment of status (if eligible)
  • Consider naturalization if you’re a permanent resident with a family member abroad
  • Avoid unnecessary international travel
  • Explore third-country family reunification options
  • Pursue humanitarian parole (if eligible)
  • Consider dual nationality or alternative visa routes

TPS and Asylum Options:

  • TPS remains available for nationals from several banned countries (Yemen, Sudan, Somalia, etc.)
  • Asylum claims are still allowed for those present in the U.S.

FAQs: Trump Travel Ban 2025

Which countries are banned under the June 2025 travel restrictions? 19 total: 12 fully banned and 7 partially banned. See full list above.

Does the ban affect green card holders or dual citizens? No. Green card holders and dual nationals using a non-banned passport are exempt.

Can I still apply for a visa if I’m from a banned country? Not unless you qualify for an exception. Most visa applications will be denied.

Are refugees and asylum seekers included in the ban? No. Those granted asylum or refugee status before June 9, 2025, are exempt. Asylum applications can still be filed from within the U.S.

Is there a way to get around the ban? Exceptions apply in limited cases. A waiver may be possible but is rare and hard to obtain. Legal assistance is recommended.

Can I bring my spouse or child from a banned country? Yes, if you are a U.S. citizen and they qualify under the immediate relative categories.

Will the ban end soon? It has no fixed end date. Reviews are scheduled every 180 days. Changes are possible depending on compliance by countries or legal action.

FAQs: June 2025 Travel Ban

What is the June 2025 travel ban and how does it differ from earlier versions?The June 2025 travel ban, established by Presidential Proclamation 10949, expands previous bans by suspending visas for nationals of 19 countries and placing 36 more on a watch list. It includes broader enforcement, stricter national security standards, and pressure for compliance on deportation and identity verification protocols.

Can U.S. green card holders from banned countries travel freely?Yes. Lawful permanent residents (green card holders) are explicitly exempt from the ban and may reenter the U.S., though they may still face questioning at ports of entry.

Do the restrictions apply to people already inside the United States?No. The travel ban applies to those seeking to enter the U.S. from abroad. If you’re already in the U.S. on a valid visa or status, you are not required to leave. However, travel outside the country may result in being barred from reentry.

Can I travel on advance parole if I have DACA or TPS and I’m from a banned country?Technically, yes, but it’s risky. Even with approved advance parole, reentry is not guaranteed. Border officials may deny entry based on the travel ban. Legal advice is strongly recommended before traveling.

How does the ban affect people with approved visa petitions awaiting interviews?If you’re from a banned country and your visa interview was scheduled after June 9, 2025, it will likely be canceled or result in a denial—unless you qualify for an exemption.

Can dual nationals avoid the travel ban by using another passport?Yes, if you are a dual citizen and travel on a passport from a non-banned country, the travel ban does not apply. You must use that passport to apply for your visa and enter the U.S.

Are student visas (F-1, J-1, M-1) still being issued to applicants from banned countries?No. For countries under full or partial bans, student visas are suspended. Some partially banned countries may allow specific employment visas but restrict student and tourist visas.

Can people on the watch list still apply for visas?Yes, for now. The 36 countries on the watch list have 60 days to meet U.S. requirements. Their citizens can still apply for visas, but future bans are possible if compliance isn’t met.

What are my options if I’m separated from family due to the ban?Depending on your status, you may explore adjustment of status (if you’re in the U.S.), consular processing through a third country, humanitarian parole, or naturalization if you’re a permanent resident petitioning a spouse or child.

Can I apply for a travel ban waiver for a humanitarian emergency?Waivers are only considered on a case-by-case basis by consular officers and DHS, and require compelling national interest or significant humanitarian or law enforcement justification. There is no formal application, and approvals are rare.

Does the ban stop asylum claims?No. Individuals already in the U.S. may still apply for asylum. Refugee processing abroad may slow down, but approved refugees are exempt from the ban.

If I overstay my visa, could I be deported to a banned country?While overstaying your visa can lead to removal proceedings, deportation may not occur if your home country refuses repatriation. Still, overstaying is a violation and can lead to bars on future immigration benefits.

Can a U.S. citizen still sponsor a spouse or parent from a banned country?Yes. Immediate relatives (spouses, children, parents) of U.S. citizens are generally exempt from the ban and can still be issued visas, though additional scrutiny may apply.

What happens if my country is added to the ban later?If your country moves from the watch list to the banned list, visa issuance will be halted. If you already have a valid visa or a valid nonimmigrant visa issued before the effective date, you may still be allowed to enter, but future renewals or interviews will be affected. Holders of valid visas or a valid nonimmigrant visa issued before the effective date are generally exempt.

How can I check if the travel ban applies to me?Visit the Department of State Visa News page, review Proclamation 10949, or consult an immigration attorney to understand your eligibility.

Is legal action being taken against the 2025 travel ban?Yes. Several immigrant advocacy groups and legal organizations are exploring or pursuing litigation. The Supreme Court has upheld the President’s authority under the Immigration and Nationality Act to impose such restrictions. However, as of now, the ban remains in effect and enforceable.

How long will the travel ban stay in place?There is no end date. The United States government will review the list every 180 days and adjust based on each country’s cooperation. The United States government, through agencies like Homeland Security and the State Department, implements United States screening and vetting protocols. Countries can be added or removed depending on their compliance.

Can I reunite with family in a third country if they can’t enter the U.S.?Yes, this is a temporary workaround many families are exploring. However, you should review visa requirements and safety of the third country before making plans.

Are there exceptions to the travel ban?Holders of valid visas or a valid nonimmigrant visa issued before the effective date are generally exempt. United States government employees and representatives of international organizations may be exempt. Exceptions may be made for those traveling to participate in a major sporting event or other major sporting event.

What is the security rationale for the travel ban?The ban targets persons performing roles linked to terrorism, including specially designated global terrorists and foreign terrorists. The United States government uses national intelligence and security assessments to identify threats.

How are travel ban policies reviewed and communicated?Decisions are informed by national intelligence and may be communicated through internal State Department cable.

Get Legal Support: Consult Attorney Richard Herman

If you or your family are impacted by the June 2025 travel ban or are from a country on the watch list, you need legal guidance. Immigration laws are complex, and bans can be life-altering.

Attorney Richard Herman and the Herman Legal Group are nationally recognized immigration lawyers with deep experience in:

  • Travel ban litigation and waivers
  • Family reunification strategies
  • Humanitarian parole and TPS cases
  • Deportation defense

Get Legal Support: Consult Attorney Richard Herman

Facing a travel ban, visa denial, or uncertainty around your family’s immigration status is stressful. You don’t have to navigate it alone. With over 25 years of experience, Attorney Richard Herman and the Herman Legal Group are here to help immigrants across the country and around the world overcome legal barriers.

Why Schedule a Consultation?

  • Personalized evaluation of your situation
  • Strategies tailored to the June 2025 travel ban
  • Guidance on waivers, exceptions, TPS, asylum, or family-based petitions
  • Help preparing strong visa filings and responses to consular denials
  • Emergency support if your case involves removal proceedings or humanitarian concerns

Your future is too important to risk. Get trusted legal help today.

Schedule a confidential consultation with Attorney Richard Herman: 👉 Book Your Consultation Now

Helpful Resources for Travel Ban Information:

June 2025 Visa Bulletin: Modest Forward Movement for EB-2 and EB-3; USCIS to Use Final Action Dates

Published: May 13, 2025

Quick Snapshot in June 2025

  • China EB-2 advances two months; China EB-3 progresses three weeks.
  • India’s EB Final Action Dates: No movement across all employment-based categories.
  • Rest of the World (ROW):
  • EB-2: Moves forward by nearly four months.
  • EB-3: Gains five weeks.
  • USCIS confirms it will use the Final Action Dates chart for employment-based filings in June 2025.
  • Family-Based F2A remains mostly current but still reflects backlogs for Mexico.
  • EB-4 Category is fully unavailable due to statutory caps, having reached its annual limit for FY 2025.
  • DV-2025 numbers are tightening as September 30 approaches—file immediately if eligible. With the DV-2025 numbers tightening, many applicants waiting for their turn should file immediately if eligible.
  • New SIV rules could affect former U.S. Government employees abroad.

What’s Changing in June 2025?

The U.S. Department of State has released its June 2025 Visa Bulletin, reflecting small but meaningful improvements in some employment-based green card categories, following updated procedures. Below is a breakdown of the movement and what it means for adjustment of status (I-485) applicants. These changes are part of a revised process aimed at improving the predictability and efficiency of visa issuance.

Understanding the Visa Bulletin Charts

Each monthly Visa Bulletin features two key charts:

  • Final Action Dates: When a green card can actually be approved.
  • Dates for Filing: When you can submit your Form I-485, even if a green card can’t yet be issued. The Dates for Filing chart is crucial for determining when applicants can start filing applications for adjustment of status.

For June 2025, USCIS will follow the Final Action Dates chart for all employment-based categories. Understanding these charts is essential for navigating the application process efficiently.

🔗 USCIS Visa Bulletin Page

Employment-Based Final Action Dates: June 2025

This chart determines who is eligible to be granted a green card this month based on the availability of visa numbers.

EB Category All Other Countries China (PRC) India Mexico Philippines
EB-1 – Priority Workers Current Nov 8, 2022 Feb 15, 2022 Current Current
EB-2 – Advanced Degrees / Exceptional Ability Oct 15, 2023 Dec 1, 2020 Jan 1, 2013 Oct 15, 2023 Oct 15, 2023
EB-3 – Professionals / Skilled Workers Feb 8, 2023 Nov 22, 2020 Apr 15, 2013 Feb 8, 2023 Feb 8, 2023

The Employment-Based Final Action Dates chart outlines the availability of employment based preference visas for June 2025.

Key Visa Movement Insights

  • EB-1: No movement. Remains current for most countries; backlog persists for China and India.
  • EB-2:
    • China advances two months (Oct 2020 → Dec 2020)
    • ROW sees a leap of over three months (June 2023 → Oct 2023)
    • India remains frozen at Jan 1, 2013
  • EB-3:
    • China moves ahead by three weeks (Nov 1 → Nov 22, 2020)
    • ROW progresses five weeks (Jan 1, 2023 → Feb 8, 2023)
    • India remains stalled at Apr 15, 2013

These movements are influenced by the processes used for determining visa availability, which consider various factors such as demand and statutory limits.

Dates for Filing: EB Chart (June 2025)

Although USCIS is not using this chart in June, it reflects future trends in visa demand. Although USCIS is not using this chart in June, it provides valuable insights for applicants planning to start filing applications in the near future.

EB Category All Other Countries China India Mexico Philippines
EB-1 Current Jan 1, 2023 Apr 15, 2022 Current Current
EB-2 Nov 15, 2023 Jan 1, 2021 Feb 1, 2013 Nov 15, 2023 Nov 15, 2023
EB-3 Mar 1, 2023 Dec 22, 2020 Jun 8, 2013 Mar 1, 2023 Mar 1, 2023

This chart helps applicants waiting for their turn to understand future trends in visa demand.

Trend Analysis: Limited Movement Despite Q4 Start

Why aren’t we seeing stronger forward momentum?

June marks the beginning of the final quarter in the federal fiscal year (which ends September 30). Historically, the Department of State sometimes adjusts cutoff dates quarterly to increase green card issuance volume before year-end. However, June’s Bulletin showed:

  • Minimal movement in oversubscribed categories like EB-2 and EB-3 for India is partly due to reaching the annual limit for these visa numbers.
  • No change in EB-1, even though demand had raised expectations for progress, indicates a tight control over the allocation of visa numbers.
  • Potential constraints from increased demand or administrative delays.

Legal Insight: What This Means for You

  • If your priority date is earlier than the Final Action Date listed for your category and country, you may file or receive approval for a green card.
  • USCIS (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services) plays a crucial role in determining when applicants can file or receive approval for a green card.
  • If you missed the cutoff, you must wait for future bulletins and monitor monthly.
  • USCIS’s continued reliance on Final Action Dates makes it harder for applicants to benefit from the more generous Dates for Filing in some categories.

Looking Ahead

  • This marks the fifth consecutive month USCIS has opted for the more restrictive Final Action Date approach, following a revised process aimed at better managing visa demand.
  • Unless visa demand decreases or DOS takes proactive steps in July–September, many long-waiting applicants (especially from India) may see little change.
  • Applicants in ROW, Mexico, and the Philippines have more favorable outlooks this summer.

EB-4: Special Immigrants

🔴 All countries: Unavailable

As announced by the Department of State in February 2025, the FY 2025 cap for EB-4 has already been reached. The category will remain closed through September 30, 2025, which means unauthorized for any new applications until the next fiscal year and reopen with the next fiscal year on October 1, 2025.

EB-5: Immigrant Investor Program

Category China India All Other Countries
Unreserved (C5, T5, etc.) Jan 22, 2014 May 1, 2019 Current
Set-Aside: Rural (20%) Current Current Current
Set-Aside: High Unemployment (10%) Current Current Current
Set-Aside: Infrastructure (2%) Current Current Current

💡 Set-aside categories remain fully current for all nations, making this an attractive window for investors. The EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program remains an attractive option for those seeking employment based preference visas, with set-aside categories fully current for all nations.

Overview: What is the Visa Bulletin?

Each month, the U.S. Department of State releases the Visa Bulletin to provide guidance on:

  • Final Action Dates: When green cards can be issued.
  • Dates for Filing: When applicants can submit their visa or adjustment applications.

The Visa Bulletin outlines immigrant visa availability based on priority dates and chargeability areas.

This helps individuals track when they can take action based on their visa category and priority date.

Understanding chargeability areas is crucial for applicants to determine their place in line for visa processing.

👉 Check USCIS Updates for Adjustment Filing Use

Family-Sponsored Green Card Availability

Statutory Limits and Rules

  • Annual family-sponsored green card cap: 226,000. The annual limit for family-sponsored green cards is set at 226,000.
  • Per-country limit: 7% of total (25,620 visas)
  • Dependent area cap: 2% (7,320 visas)
  • Oversubscribed Countries: China (mainland), India, Mexico, Philippines

Spouses and children of principal applicants may share the same preference category and priority date under INA Section 203(d).

These rules ensure a fair distribution of visas among applicants seeking to become permanent residents.

Family-Based Final Action Dates (Chart A)

Preference All Other Countries China India Mexico Philippines
F1 08JUN16 08JUN16 08JUN16 22APR05 15JUL12
F2A 01JAN22 01JAN22 01JAN22 15MAY21 01JAN22
F2B 22SEP16 22SEP16 22SEP16 01JAN06 08FEB12
F3 22JUN11 22JUN11 22JUN11 15JAN01 22SEP03
F4 01JAN08 01JAN08 15JUN06 15MAR01 01JUN05

The F2B category, for example, is for unmarried adult children of LPRs who are 21 years of age or older.

Note: F2A is partially exempt from country limits for Mexico.

Family-Based Dates for Filing (Chart B)

Preference All Other Countries China India Mexico Philippines
F1 01SEP17 01SEP17 01SEP17 01APR06 22APR15
F2A 01FEB25 01FEB25 01FEB25 01FEB25 01FEB25
F2B 01JAN17 01JAN17 01JAN17 01APR07 01OCT13
F3 22JUL12 22JUL12 22JUL12 15JUN01 22SEP04
F4 01JUN08 01JUN08 01DEC06 30APR01 01JAN08

This chart helps applicants determine the appropriate time for filing applications for adjustment of status.

Employment-Based Green Card Availability

Employment-Based Preference Allocations

  • Total Employment-Based Cap: 140,000/year. The annual limit for employment-based green cards is 140,000.
  • Per Category Share:
  • EB-1, EB-2, EB-3: ~28.6% each. Each category receives a specific share of the total visa numbers available.
  • EB-4 (Special Immigrants): 7.1%
  • EB-5 (Investors): 7.1%, with 32% set aside for:
  • Rural Areas: 20%
  • High Unemployment: 10%
  • Infrastructure: 2%

Employment-Based Final Action Dates (Chart A)

Preference All Other Countries China India Mexico Philippines
EB-1 C 08NOV22 15FEB22 C C
EB-2 15OCT23 01DEC20 01JAN13 15OCT23 15OCT23
EB-3 08FEB23 22NOV20 15APR13 08FEB23 08FEB23
Other Workers 22JUN21 01APR17 15APR13 22JUN21 22JUN21
EB-4 U U U U U
EB-5 (Unreserved) C 22JAN14 01MAY19 C C

U = Unavailable

The Employment-Based Final Action Dates chart outlines the availability of employment based preference visas for June 2025.

This chart determines who is eligible to be granted a green card this month based on the availability of visa numbers.

Employment-Based Dates for Filing (Chart B)

Preference All Other Countries China India Mexico Philippines
EB-1 C 01JAN23 15APR22 C C
EB-2 15NOV23 01JAN21 01FEB13 15NOV23 15NOV23
EB-3 01MAR23 22DEC20 08JUN13 01MAR23 01MAR23
Other Workers 22JUL21 01JAN18 08JUN13 22JUL21 22JUL21
EB-4 01FEB21 01FEB21 01FEB21 01FEB21 01FEB21
EB-5 (Unreserved) C 01OCT16 01APR22 C C

This chart helps applicants determine the appropriate time for filing applications for adjustment of status.

Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery: June & July 2025 Cut-offs

The DV program provides up to 55,000 immigrant visas per year, but for FY2025, the number is effectively reduced to about 52,000 due to allocations under NACARA and the 2024 NDAA.

The DV program provides up to 55,000 immigrant visas per year, reflecting the overall immigrant visa availability.

June 2025 DV Cut-Offs

Region General Cut-off Exceptions
Africa 42,500 Algeria (42,250), Egypt (36,250), Morocco (30,000)
Asia 8,250 Iran, Nepal (8,000)
Europe 17,500 Russia (17,450), Uzbekistan (10,250)
North America 20 N/A
Oceania 1,550 N/A
South America/Caribbean 2,300 N/A

These cut-offs indicate the maximum visa numbers available for each region in June 2025.

July 2025 DV Cut-Offs

Region General Cut-off Exceptions
Africa 45,000 Algeria (44,950), Egypt (40,000), Morocco (34,500)
Asia 9,000 Iran, Nepal (8,950)
Europe 19,000 Russia (18,950), Uzbekistan (12,000)
North America 20 N/A
Oceania 1,650 N/A
South America/Caribbean 2,450 N/A

These cut-offs indicate the maximum visa numbers available for each region in July 2025.

Special Immigrant Visas (SIVs) – New NDAA Provisions

The FY2024 National Defense Authorization Act introduced changes for U.S. government employees abroad and their families. This does not affect Afghan/Iraqi SIVs under SQ/SI. Impacted individuals should consult the consular section where Form DS-1884 was filed for updated guidance.

Impacted individuals should consult the consular section at U.S. embassies abroad where Form DS-1884 was filed for updated guidance.

When to File Your I-485 Adjustment of Status Application (June 2025)

If you are waiting to adjust your status to become a U.S. permanent resident through a family-sponsored or employment-based preference visa, this monthly guide helps you understand whether your priority date is current—and if you can submit Form I-485.

This monthly guide helps you understand the application process and whether your priority date is current.

Step-by-Step: How to Use This Bulletin

  1. Identify your visa type:
    • Look at either the Family-Sponsored or Employment-Based preference chart.
  2. Find your chargeability area (country of birth):
    • Look across the columns in the chart for the country that matches your place of birth.
  3. Check your priority date:
    • This is the date USCIS received your petition or, if applicable, when your PERM labor certification was accepted by the Department of Labor.
  4. Compare dates:
    • If your priority date is earlier than the listed filing date—or the chart shows “C” for current—you may submit your I-485 application (if otherwise eligible).
    • A “U” means the category is currently unavailable.

👉 Check USCIS Visa Bulletin Updates

Filing Chart: Family-Sponsored Preference (June 2025)

Use this chart to determine when you can file your I-485 for family-sponsored green cards:

Family Category All Countries China India Mexico Philippines
F1 – Unmarried adult children of U.S. citizens 01SEP17 01SEP17 01SEP17 01APR06 22APR15
F2A – Spouses & children of LPRs 01FEB25 01FEB25 01FEB25 01FEB25 01FEB25
F2B – Unmarried adult children of LPRs 01JAN17 01JAN17 01JAN17 01APR07 01OCT13
F3 – Married children of U.S. citizens 22JUL12 22JUL12 22JUL12 15JUN01 22SEP04
F4 – Siblings of U.S. citizens 01JUN08 01JUN08 01DEC06 30APR01 01JAN08

This chart helps applicants determine the appropriate time for filing applications for adjustment of status.

🔎 Visual Insight: The chart below highlights the disparity between visa processing times by category and country:

Final Action Dates: Employment-Based Adjustment (June 2025)

These dates indicate when a green card can be issued. This chart determines who is eligible to be granted a green card this month based on the availability of visa numbers:

Employment Category All Countries China India Mexico Philippines
EB-1 – Priority workers C 08NOV22 15FEB22 C C
EB-2 – Advanced degrees / exceptional ability 15OCT23 01DEC20 01JAN13 15OCT23 15OCT23
EB-3 – Skilled workers / professionals 08FEB23 22NOV20 15APR13 08FEB23 08FEB23
Other Workers 22JUN21 01APR17 15APR13 22JUN21 22JUN21
EB-4 – Special immigrants U U U U U
Certain Religious Workers U U U U U
EB-5 Unreserved C 22JAN14 01MAY19 C C
EB-5 Set Asides – Rural, High Unemployment, Infrastructure C C C C C

“C” = Current (you may file if otherwise eligible) “U” = Unavailable

The Final Action Dates chart outlines the availability of employment based preference visas for June 2025.

About the Visa Bulletin System

The Department of State (DOS) releases a monthly Visa Bulletin, which determines green card eligibility by tracking:

  • Total visas available
  • Backlogs by category
  • Demand for each preference classification

Since 2015, USCIS and DOS have collaborated to:

  • Issue all green cards authorized by Congress
  • Provide more predictability for green card applicants
  • Improve how visa demand is calculated

Learn more:
📘 Modernizing and Streamlining Legal Immigration Report (PDF)

Two Key Charts in Every Bulletin

  1. Final Action Dates – When green cards can be approved.
  2. Dates for Filing – When applicants can submit I-485 (adjustment of status) applications.

USCIS will announce each month which chart to follow on its Visa Bulletin Updates Page.

How USCIS Determines Visa Availability

USCIS and DOS consider:

  • Remaining visa supply for the fiscal year
  • Pending green card applications at both USCIS and consulates
  • Drop-off rates (due to abandonment, denial, or withdrawal)

This data allows USCIS to forecast cutoff dates and ensure the maximum number of visas are issued each year.

GENERAL VISA BULLETIN FAQs

What is a priority date?
It’s the date your green card petition was first filed. This determines your place in line.

How long will I wait?
That depends on your country and visa category. The Visa Bulletin can’t predict exact timing but helps identify patterns.

Why does my date go backward?
That’s called retrogression—it happens when demand exceeds supply. Your spot may temporarily move backward until numbers reset.

What is the purpose of the Visa Bulletin?
The Visa Bulletin, published monthly by the U.S. Department of State, provides updated information on green card availability. It shows cut-off dates for each immigrant visa category and country of chargeability, determining when applicants can move forward with their green card process.

What are “Final Action Dates” and “Dates for Filing”?
Final Action Dates indicate when a green card can be issued. Dates for Filing determine when a person can file their adjustment of status application. USCIS announces monthly which chart it will use for family-based and employment-based applicants.

What is a priority date?
A priority date is the date when a green card petition (Form I-130 or I-140) or labor certification was filed. It establishes the applicant’s place in line for green card processing.

How do I find my priority date?
Your priority date is typically printed on your I-797 Notice of Action or listed on your labor certification. You may also consult with your attorney or sponsoring employer.

What does it mean if my priority date is “current”?
If your priority date is earlier than the listed cut-off date—or if the category is marked “C” (current)—you may file your application (if using the Dates for Filing chart) or your green card may be approved (if using the Final Action Dates chart).

What does “U” mean on the Visa Bulletin?
“U” means the category is “Unauthorized” or “Unavailable.” No immigrant visas are available in that category for the month.

What is retrogression, and why does it happen?
Retrogression is when a previously current priority date moves backward. It occurs when visa demand exceeds the supply for a given category or country.

How often does the Visa Bulletin change?
The Visa Bulletin is issued monthly, usually around the 10th to 15th of each month.

What is the difference between USCIS and the Department of State when it comes to the Visa Bulletin?
The Department of State publishes the Visa Bulletin. USCIS decides which chart (Final Action or Filing Dates) applicants in the U.S. must follow to file Form I-485.

JUNE 2025 VISA BULLETIN-SPECIFIC FAQs

What changed in the family-based categories in the June 2025 Visa Bulletin?
Most family-based categories remained unchanged. The only notable change was in the F-4 category (siblings of U.S. citizens) for India, which advanced by two months.

Which chart should I use in June 2025 for adjustment of status filing?
In June 2025, USCIS designated the Dates for Filing chart for family-sponsored applicants and the Final Action Dates chart for employment-based applicants.

Did the EB-1 category move at all in June 2025?
No. The EB-1 Final Action Dates remained unchanged. India is still at February 15, 2022, and China is at November 8, 2022. All other countries remain current.

What is the most significant movement in the June 2025 Visa Bulletin?
The largest advancement occurred in the EB-2 category for Mexico, the Philippines, and All Other Areas, which moved forward by nearly four months.

Is EB-4 available in June 2025?
No. EB-4 is unavailable for all countries. The annual visa cap was reached in February 2025. This category will reopen in October 2025 when the new fiscal year begins.

Did the EB-5 category change in June 2025?
No. The EB-5 category remains current for most countries. The unreserved subcategory remains at May 1, 2019 for India and January 22, 2014 for China. All EB-5 set-aside categories (Rural, High Unemployment, and Infrastructure) remain current for all countries.

Why does India show no forward movement in EB-2 and EB-3?
India’s backlogs are due to consistently high demand. Its EB-2 and EB-3 cut-off dates have remained stuck at January 1, 2013 and April 15, 2013, respectively.

How much did China advance in the EB-2 and EB-3 categories?
China’s EB-2 cut-off date moved ahead by two months to December 1, 2020. EB-3 advanced by about three weeks to November 22, 2020.

Which EB categories showed any advancement in June 2025?
EB-2, EB-3, and EB-3 Other Worker categories showed movement for all countries except India. EB-1, EB-4, and EB-5 were either unchanged or unavailable.

Can I file my I-485 if my date is current in the Dates for Filing chart, but USCIS is using the Final Action Dates chart?
No. You can only file your I-485 when USCIS authorizes the use of the Dates for Filing chart. In June 2025, for employment-based applicants, USCIS is using the Final Action Dates chart.

STRATEGIC AND ADVANCED QUESTIONS

If I’m outside the U.S., does the Visa Bulletin still apply to me?
Yes. For consular processing abroad, the Final Action Dates chart determines when you can proceed to a visa interview and potentially receive an immigrant visa.

Can priority dates ever move backward again in the coming months?
Yes. If the demand suddenly exceeds expectations, or USCIS needs to slow issuance to stay within visa limits, retrogression may occur even late in the fiscal year.

When does the visa cap reset?
The annual immigrant visa limits reset at the start of the fiscal year on October 1 each year.

What are set-aside categories in EB-5 and why are they important?
EB-5 set-asides reserve portions of the total EB-5 visa allotment for rural, high-unemployment, and infrastructure investments. These subcategories remain current, offering a faster route to permanent residency.

How can I improve my position if my category is heavily backlogged?
You may consider alternative immigration paths such as the EB-5 Investor Program, National Interest Waiver (NIW), or pursuing a family-based petition if eligible.

What should I do if my priority date is close to becoming current?
You should ensure all documents are ready, maintain eligibility, and consult with an immigration attorney to file as soon as your date is current.

Why You Should Consult Immigration Attorney Richard Herman Today

Understanding the June 2025 Visa Bulletin isn’t just about reading charts—it’s about knowing what to do next. Whether your priority date just became current, is rapidly approaching, or remains stuck in a frustrating backlog, this is a critical moment to make informed decisions that could shape your immigration future.

That’s where Attorney Richard Herman and his nationally recognized legal team come in. With over 30 years of experience guiding individuals, families, professionals, and investors through every type of visa challenge, Richard Herman provides more than legal representation—he offers strategy, clarity, and peace of mind.

If you’re:

  • Unsure how the latest Visa Bulletin affects your case,
  • Facing delays or retrogression in your employment- or family-based category,
  • Considering alternatives like EB-5 investment visas, NIWs, or family sponsorship,
  • Or simply need help filing your I-485 before your window closes,

Now is the time to speak with a trusted advocate who understands both the legal nuances and the human urgency behind every green card application.

Don’t navigate this alone. Contact Richard Herman for a personalized consultation and let a veteran immigration attorney help you move forward with confidence.

👉Schedule your consultation with Richard Herman today

Next Steps and Resources

Visa Bulletin Page on USCIS.gov – Check which chart to use when filing.

State Department Travel Website – Embassy visa processing updates

Trump Restores Student Status: Administration Reverses Mass Termination of Foreign Students’ SEVIS Records After Court Challenges

The Trump administration’s policies on international students have been a topic of significant debate. Recently, the federal government decided to restore the records of international students whose entries in a critical database were previously terminated. This decision is part of a broader context of legal challenges and administrative changes regarding the monitoring and status of international students in the U.S. These changes have had a profound impact on the lives of many students, affecting their ability to study and work in the country.

Background: Abrupt Terminations Spark National Uproar

In a stunning reversal, the Trump administration announced it would temporarily restore the legal status of hundreds of international students whose records had been terminated from the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) database earlier this month — putting them at risk of deportation.

At a court hearing in the Northern District of California on April 25, 2025, part of a growing wave of lawsuits filed by international students challenging the administration’s hardline immigration actions, Elizabeth D. Kurlan, a Justice Department attorney, announced that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) would reactivate students’ SEVIS records temporarily while it drafts a new policy framework to govern terminations.

  • Reactivate SEVIS records for students who sued.
  • Maintain active status until a new formal policy for revocations is finalized.

Excerpt from Government’s Statement:

“The SEVIS records for plaintiff(s) in this case (and other similarly situated plaintiffs) will remain Active or shall be re-activated.”

The move came after:

  • Weeks of escalating lawsuits.
  • Intense judicial scrutiny nationwide.
  • Over 50 federal judges granting temporary restraining orders (TROs) against the administration’s actions.

Students and Attorneys Report Abrupt Restorations

Starting Thursday afternoon, April 24, 2025, immigration attorneys and universities across the country began noticing that:

  • Many international students’ terminated SEVIS records were suddenly reinstated.
  • The reinstatements often came without formal explanation or notice from the government.

Friday’s announcement by the federal government regarding the restoration of SEVIS records came in response to a significant backlash, including lawsuits from students and educators, who faced uncertainty about their status in the U.S. after the abrupt termination of records linked to minor legal infractions.

Background: Mass SEVIS Terminations Spark Panic

  • Since Trump’s second term began on January 20, 2025, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) had removed the SEVIS records of more than 4,700 foreign students.
  • The Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) is a government database that tracks the compliance of approximately 1.1 million international students studying in the United States.
  • Students risked immediate loss of status and deportation simply because their SEVIS records were terminated — even when no criminal convictions existed.

Key SEVIS Compliance Requirements:

  • Maintaining full-time enrollment.
  • Reporting address changes.
  • Complying with restrictions on employment.
  • Avoiding criminal activity.

Learn more about SEVIS here: U.S. ICE: SEVIS Program Overview

Why Students Sued: Minor Charges, Major Consequences

Hundreds of international students filed dozens of lawsuits in courts across the country, arguing that:

  • Their SEVIS terminations were based on dismissed charges (even without convictions) or minor legal infractions (e.g., DUI or traffic offenses) or Unconfirmed allegations in criminal background checks
  • Some students were also reportedly targeted for their political activism, particularly in pro-Palestinian demonstrations.
  • Immigration rules only allow status revocation for convictions involving serious or violent crimes.
  • Many students never received a formal notice before their status was revoked.

Impact of Terminations:

  • Students feared instant loss of immigration status and possible deportation.
  • Many faced barriers to class enrollment, research activities, work authorization, and graduation timelines.
  • Schools often blocked students’ academic access without clear guidance from federal agencies.
  • Students nearing graduation were especially at risk of being forced out of the country.

Immigration officials played a significant role in reviewing and potentially terminating visas and SEVIS records, which added to the students’ fears and uncertainties:

  • Students faced devastating choices:
    • Self-deport voluntarily.
    • Hide or stop attending classes.
    • Leave the U.S. permanently, often under duress.
    • Lost job opportunities tied to visa status.
    • Mental health toll from fear of deportation.

Examples:

  • Xiaotian Liu, a Chinese PhD researcher at Dartmouth University, had his SEVIS record terminated without ever being charged with a crime.
  • A federal judge recently granted him a restraining order to block further government action.
  • Many students were stranded — unable to legally study, work, or travel.

Student reaction: Widespread panic and legal confusion disrupted campuses nationwide, with many students just weeks from completing their degrees.

➡️ Understand your rights if facing SEVIS termination

Political Context: A Broader Crackdown on Noncitizens

The SEVIS terminations were part of a larger Trump administration effort to tighten immigration controls, targeting not only undocumented immigrants but also lawful visa holders. A government lawyer was often involved in court proceedings discussing policy changes and the implications for students affected by recent actions taken by immigration authorities.

Additional steps taken included:

  • Secretary of State Marco Rubio revoking hundreds of visas, many linked to pro-Palestinian campus protests.
  • Increased use of obscure immigration laws to crack down on immigrant student activism.

➡️ Read more about the Trump administration’s immigration actions

Economic and Academic Impact: Why This Matters

University leaders, immigration advocates, and economists warn that:

  • Foreign students contribute over $44 billion annually to the U.S. economy.
  • The Trump administration’s actions risk scaring off global talent, hurting universities and industries reliant on international expertise.
  • Many U.S. campuses, already facing enrollment declines, are concerned about long-term reputational harm.
  • Immigration attorneys have noted the sudden restoration of students’ SEVIS records, creating confusion and uncertainty, as reported by NBC News.

Explore data: NAFSA Economic Value of International Students 2025

Court Victories: Temporary Protection Achieved

By the Numbers:

  • Over 100 lawsuits were filed across at least 23 states.
  • Judges issued dozens of TROs preventing immediate deportation.
  • Over 200 students have won temporary restraining orders (TROs) preventing ICE from deporting them.
  • Students like Carrie Zheng at Boston University were among those who obtained legal protections.
  • The Trump administration’s initiative to create a ‘new system’ for reviewing and terminating visas for international students aims to establish a clearer framework for managing SEVIS records.

Courts Push Back: Judges Demand Accountability

Federal judges across the United States expressed:

  • Frustration at the government’s arbitrary handling of visa terminations.
  • Skepticism about ICE’s refusal to guarantee students’ right to remain in the U.S. while cases were reviewed.
  • Preparedness to issue even more restraining orders if necessary.

Important Court Action:

  • U.S. District Judge F. Dennis Saylor in Boston received notice that ICE would reinstate SEVIS records while a new termination policy is developed.
  • The temporary restraining orders will remain in place to prevent deportation while SEVIS records are reactivated.

Brian Green, an attorney representing an American University student, called the reversal “a sigh of relief for international students across the country.”

Student reaction:
One anonymous student who sued the government described feeling “relief, mostly,” but also “still very much anxious about next steps.”

What the Government Is Saying

  • The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) emphasized that it was not “reversing course” but rather restoring SEVIS access for students whose visas had not yet been revoked.
  • ICE is reportedly drafting a new framework that will outline how and when a SEVIS record can be lawfully terminated moving forward.
  • Until finalized, ICE will not terminate SEVIS records solely based on criminal database flags like minor charges or dismissed cases.
  • Students’ SEVIS records will either remain active or be reactivated if previously terminated.

DHS spokesperson Tricia McLaughlin:
“SEVIS access is being restored for individuals who had not had their visas formally revoked.”

ICE’s Statement: Reinstatement — But With Conditions

During the hearing, DOJ attorney Kurlan emphasized:

  • ICE will no longer terminate SEVIS records solely based on National Crime Information Center (NCIC) alerts regarding minor or dismissed criminal charges.
  • However, ICE retains the authority to terminate SEVIS records if:
    • A student fails to maintain full-time status or violates visa conditions.
    • A student fails to maintain his or her nonimmigrant status after their record is reactivated.
    • A student commits a new immigration or criminal violation that makes them deportable under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA).

➡️ Learn about visa compliance requirements for F-1 students

Partial Relief: Not All Students Reinstated Yet

The pattern of reinstatements is uneven:

  • At University of California, Berkeley, 12 out of 23 affected students had their SEVIS records reinstated, according to spokesperson Janet Gilmore.
  • Rochester Institute of Technology confirmed some of its students also regained status.
  • Atlanta immigration attorney Charles Kuck reported that about a dozen clients saw their statuses restored.
  • Minnesota attorney David Wilson noted that roughly half of his 20 clients had their students records reinstated.

Ongoing Uncertainties: Key Questions Remain

While this reversal is a major development, important questions linger:

  • Will all 5,000 students whose records were terminated have their status restored, or only those who filed lawsuits?
  • How will the new ICE policy define grounds for future SEVIS terminations?
  • What about the visa revocations ordered separately by the State Department?

Greg Chen from the American Immigration Lawyers Association warned:

“It’s still unclear whether all targeted students will regain full legal standing.”

Lingering Questions: What About Cancelled Visas?

While SEVIS records are being reinstated, it remains unclear whether:

  • The State Department will reinstate visas already canceled under similar circumstances.
  • Visa cancellations performed during “quality control” reviews will be reversed.

Earlier this year:

  • Secretary of State Marco Rubio launched a controversial crackdown canceling visas of students involved in pro-Palestinian activism.
  • The larger April wave targeted students with minor legal issues unrelated to political activity.

➡️ Learn more about the U.S. F-1 Student Visa Program

Despite the reactivation of SEVIS records:

Many students’ actual F-1 visas remain revoked, trapping them inside the U.S. and preventing international travel. Students whose SEVIS statuses were once terminated still carry a record of termination, which may:

  • Harm future green card applications.
  • Complicate requests for new visas.
  • Trigger additional immigration scrutiny.

ICE has the authority to terminate SEVIS records based on various reasons, including involvement in unlawful activity, which can render individuals removable from the United States under the Immigration and Nationality Act.

David Wilson warned: “That means they’re kind of trapped in the country… The next phase is seeking clarity about what the government is actually doing.”

What Happens If Your U.S. Visa Is Revoked?

Not All Issues Resolved: Lingering Legal and Policy Gaps

ICE insists that SEVIS revocations were separate from visa cancellations — a claim disputed by attorneys. Students like Rumeysa Ozturk (Tufts University) and Mahmoud Khalil (Columbia University) still face uncertain futures after visa cancellations unrelated to SEVIS reactivations. Students who already left the U.S. after losing their records remain at risk: Will they be allowed to return? Will they be reissued visas?

Additionally, ICE retains the authority to terminate a student’s SEVIS record based on various reasons, including engagement in other unlawful activity, which could lead to their removal from the United States.

John Sinodis, attorney for impacted students, criticized ICE’s latest statements as:

“woefully inadequate.”

Agency Silence

ICE and the State Department did not immediately respond to inquiries seeking clarification about the broader visa revocations.

Immigration attorneys warn that many reinstated SEVIS records could still face challenges without parallel action from the State Department

Advocates Call for Full Remedies

Immigration advocates argue that simple reinstatement is not enough:

  • Elora Mukherjee, director of the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic at Columbia Law School, stressed that students could suffer lasting consequences:

    “The government needs to make students whole — merely restoring SEVIS records doesn’t undo the harm.”

“You can’t undo missed finals, lost scholarships, or missed graduation ceremonies.”

  • Jodie Ferise, a higher education attorney, added:

“The world is watching. This episode will hurt international student enrollment for years.”

Some students left the U.S. voluntarily out of fear, while others remain trapped and anxious about their future.

The Bigger Picture: Long-Term Damage Remains

  • Gregory Chen of the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) warned:

“ICE’s massive mistake continues to harm students, universities, and American research institutions.”

Even with SEVIS records restored for many students, significant questions remain:

  • Who qualifies for reinstatement?
  • What about students who didn’t file lawsuits?
  • How will this affect future visa renewals or green card applications?

Deeper Legal Challenges: Students Seek Broader Protections

Some lawsuits are now seeking nationwide court orders to:

  • Prohibit arrests, detentions, or deportations of affected students.
  • Allow continued academic enrollment and employment authorization.

However, DOJ attorney Pam Johann argued that courts should “pause” while ICE implements the new restoration policy. This process of ongoing legal challenges and changes within the immigration system highlights the complexities and implications for international students caught in the system.

Federal Judge Jeffrey S. White voiced skepticism:

“It seems like with this administration there’s a new world order every single day… It’s like whack-a-mole.”

He ordered the government to clarify the details of the new policy, and clarification on protections for students still affected.

Public Opinion:

  • According to an AP-NORC survey:
    • 50% of U.S. adults oppose visa revocations linked to campus protests.
    • Opposition is even higher (60%) among college-educated Americans.

➡️ Explore the AP-NORC Center’s findings

What’s Next for Affected Students?

Students who had their SEVIS records terminated should:

  • Monitor their SEVIS record status closely via their designated school officials (DSOs).
  • Consult an experienced immigration attorney if they are unsure about their legal standing.
  • Check your visa status through your local U.S. embassy or consulate if you intend to travel internationally.
  • Prepare for possible future challenges if the Trump administration finalizes harsher SEVIS termination rules.

Students who participated in political protests, including pro-Palestinian demonstrations, faced complications with their ability to study in the U.S. due to the administration’s strict immigration policies.

➡️ Tip: International students should gather documentation of their compliance, good academic standing, and legal history to be ready if policies shift again.

Frequently Asked Questions: DOJ’s Reversal of SEVIS Terminations for F-1 Students

1. What is the DOJ’s recent announcement regarding SEVIS terminations?

The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) announced that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) will reinstate the SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System) records of international students whose records were recently terminated. This decision comes as ICE develops a new policy framework for future terminations. Until the new policy is implemented, ICE will not modify SEVIS records solely based on findings from the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) database. (Trump)

2. Who is affected by this reversal?

The reversal primarily affects international students on F-1 visas whose SEVIS records were terminated in recent weeks, often due to minor legal infractions or administrative errors. Students whose records were terminated solely based on NCIC findings are included in this reinstatement. (Trump Abruptly)

3. Does this mean all affected students will have their SEVIS records reinstated?

While the DOJ’s announcement indicates a broad reinstatement, it’s currently focused on students whose records were terminated based solely on NCIC findings. Students with more serious legal issues or other violations may not be covered under this reversal. It’s advisable for all affected students to consult with their Designated School Officials (DSOs) or legal counsel for specific guidance.

4. What is SEVIS, and why is it important?

SEVIS is the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System, a database used by the U.S. government to track and monitor international students and exchange visitors in the United States. Maintaining an active SEVIS record is essential for international students to remain in lawful status and continue their studies.

5. What led to the termination of SEVIS records for these students?

In recent weeks, ICE terminated the SEVIS records of numerous international students, often citing minor legal infractions or administrative reasons. Many terminations were based on entries in the NCIC database, which includes arrest records and other law enforcement data. This led to widespread confusion and legal challenges.

6. What is the NCIC, and how does it relate to SEVIS terminations?

The National Crime Information Center (NCIC) is a database maintained by the FBI that contains criminal justice information, including arrest records. ICE used NCIC entries as a basis for terminating SEVIS records, even in cases involving minor infractions or dismissed charges. The DOJ’s recent announcement indicates that such terminations based solely on NCIC findings will be halted pending the development of a new policy.

7. How does this reversal affect students currently outside the U.S. whose SEVIS records were terminated?

Students outside the U.S. whose SEVIS records were terminated may face challenges re-entering the country, even if their records are reinstated. Re-entry requires a valid visa, and visa issuance is handled by the U.S. Department of State. The DOJ’s announcement does not address visa reinstatements, so affected students should consult with their DSOs and the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate for guidance.

8. Does this reversal affect students whose visas were revoked?

The DOJ’s announcement specifically addresses SEVIS record terminations and does not directly pertain to visa revocations. Visa issuance and revocation fall under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of State. Students whose visas were revoked should seek guidance from their DSOs and consult with legal counsel to explore options for reinstatement or reapplication.

9. What should students do if they believe their SEVIS record was wrongly terminated?

Students who believe their SEVIS records were wrongly terminated should:

·        Contact their DSO immediately to discuss their case.

·        Gather all relevant documentation, including any notices received from ICE or other authorities.

·        Consult with an immigration attorney to explore options for reinstatement or legal action.

10. Will ICE continue to have the authority to terminate SEVIS records in the future?

Yes. While ICE is currently halting terminations based solely on NCIC findings, it retains the authority to terminate SEVIS records for other reasons, such as failure to maintain nonimmigrant status or engagement in unlawful activities that render a student removable under the Immigration and Nationality Act.

11. How can students stay informed about updates to this situation?

Students should maintain regular communication with their DSOs, monitor official announcements from ICE and the U.S. Department of State, and consult with legal counsel as needed. Staying informed through reputable news sources and official government websites is also recommended.

12. What steps are being taken to prevent similar issues in the future?

ICE is developing a new policy framework to provide clearer guidelines for SEVIS record terminations. This policy aims to ensure that terminations are conducted fairly and with appropriate justification, reducing the likelihood of arbitrary or unjustified actions.

13. Are there any legal actions students can take if they were affected by the terminations?

Yes. Many students have filed lawsuits challenging the terminations of their SEVIS records. Legal actions can include seeking reinstatement of status, challenging the basis of termination, and pursuing compensation for any damages suffered. Consulting with an immigration attorney is essential to determine the best course of action.

14. How have universities responded to the terminations and subsequent reversal?

Universities have expressed concern over the abrupt terminations and the impact on their international student populations. Many institutions have worked closely with affected students, providing support and legal resources. The reversal has been welcomed, but universities continue to advocate for clearer policies and better communication from federal agencies.

15. What is the timeline for the development and implementation of the new ICE policy?

As of now, there is no specific timeline provided for the development and implementation of the new ICE policy regarding SEVIS record terminations. Students and stakeholders are encouraged to stay informed through official channels for updates on policy developments.

For more detailed information and updates, students can refer to official resources such as the ICE Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) and consult with their DSOs or legal counsel.

 

Final Thoughts

The Trump administration’s sudden reversal on student visa terminations represents a partial but fragile victory for international students.
However, with unclear policies, unreversed visa cancellations, and deep damage already done, the road to full recovery remains long and uncertain.

Students and universities must stay informed, advocate for permanent protections, and be ready to challenge further immigration crackdowns if necessary.

Why You Should Schedule a Consultation with Immigration Attorney Richard Herman

Navigating the complexities of F-1 visa reinstatement can be daunting, especially in light of recent policy shifts. Richard Herman, founder of the Herman Legal Group, brings over 30 years of dedicated experience in immigration law, making him an invaluable ally in your journey.​

Expertise You Can Trust

Richard Herman is nationally recognized for his extensive knowledge and commitment to immigration law. His firm has been acknowledged by U.S. News & World Report as a “Best Law Firm” in immigration law. With a team fluent in over 12 languages, including Spanish, Chinese, Russian, and Arabic, communication barriers are minimized, ensuring you receive clear and personalized guidance. ​

Comprehensive Legal Support

Whether you’re dealing with SEVIS record terminations, visa revocations, or seeking reinstatement, Richard Herman’s approach is thorough and compassionate. His firm offers a wide range of services, from student visas to deportation defense, ensuring that all aspects of your case are meticulously handled. ​

Accessible and Personalized Consultations

Understanding the urgency and sensitivity of immigration matters, Herman Legal Group offers flexible consultation options, including virtual meetings via Skype, WhatsApp, and FaceTime. This accessibility ensures that you can receive expert advice regardless of your location. ​

Take the Next Step

Your educational and professional future in the U.S. is too important to leave to chance. By consulting with Richard Herman, you’re choosing a path guided by experience, dedication, and a proven track record of success. Schedule your consultation today to ensure your rights are protected and your goals are within reach.​

Call: 1-800-808-4013

Online Scheduling of Consultation

Foreign Students in 2025: F-1 Visa Revocations, SEVIS Terminations, and Deportation Threats – A Legal Resource

Introduction

As of April 15, 2025,  more than 1200  F-1 international students across the United States have been blindsided by sudden visa revocations and SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System) terminations, putting them at risk of deportation. This crisis highlights the broader issues within international education, particularly the challenges faced by students navigating complex immigration policies.

Immigration authorities – under new enforcement directives – have been unilaterally stripping students of their legal status, often without prior notice or clear justification. These actions have rattled campuses nationwide, prompting urgent questions about the legal basis for such measures and the rights of affected students. This article, written in the voice of an immigration lawyer, serves as a comprehensive resource for international students, universities, community allies, and journalists seeking to understand and navigate this crisis.

The issue of student mobility is also critical in understanding the broader implications of these actions. We will break down what is happening in 2025, the legal grounds (or lack thereof) for visa revocations and SEVIS terminations, and the rights and protections international students have under U.S. law. We will also highlight major lawsuits filed by students this year challenging the government’s actions, analyzing the key legal arguments in play. Finally, we provide practical guidance and checklists – from maintaining visa status to steps to take if you’re contacted by ICE – to help students protect themselves. All information is up-to-date as of 2025 and includes references to official sources (USCIS, ICE/SEVP) and legal advocacy groups for further support.

Understanding the Challenges Facing International Students

Reasons for Visa Revocations and Deportation Threats

The reasons for visa revocations and deportation threats vary, but many cases involve minor offenses or no reason at all. Some students have had their visas revoked due to prior criminal charges, while others have been targeted for participating in pro-Palestinian protests. The Department of Homeland Security has claimed broad powers to declare some migrants gang members and deport them without a hearing. Immigration attorneys say that the government is using existing tools in a way that causes mass hysteria, chaos, and panic. This indiscriminate use of power has left many students feeling vulnerable and uncertain about their future in the United States.

The Role of SEVIS in International Student Admissions

The Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) plays a crucial role in international student admissions. SEVIS is a web-based system that allows schools and the Department of Homeland Security to track and manage international student information. The system helps to ensure that international students maintain their student status and comply with immigration regulations. However, the SEVIS system has been criticized for its complexity and lack of transparency, leaving many international students confused and vulnerable to visa revocation. The intricate nature of SEVIS means that even minor errors or misunderstandings can lead to severe consequences, such as the loss of legal status and potential deportation.

Impact on Higher Education Institutions

The revocation of student visas and deportation threats have a significant impact on higher education institutions. Many universities have reported a decline in international student enrollment, with some institutions experiencing a drop of up to 20%. The loss of international students not only affects the institutions’ revenue but also undermines their ability to provide a diverse and inclusive learning environment. Faculty members and rights advocates have expressed concern about students’ ability to share their opinions without risking their legal status. This chilling effect on free speech and academic freedom is detrimental to the educational mission of universities and the overall campus climate.

Lawsuits and Legal Challenges

Several students have sued the government to challenge their visa revocations and detainment amid a bid to delay or block their deportation. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has filed lawsuits on behalf of some of the affected students, alleging that they have been arrested and detained without cause or explanation, a possible violation of their civil rights. The lawsuits aim to challenge the government’s actions and ensure that international students are treated fairly and with respect. These legal battles are crucial in setting precedents for the protection of international students’ rights and holding the government accountable for its actions.

Universities 287(g): Instead of Protecting Their Foreign Students, Florida Universities Join ICE in Campus Immigration Enforcement

 

Several public universities in Florida have entered into formal partnerships with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), signaling a dramatic shift in how campus law enforcement interacts with immigration policy. These agreements fall under the controversial 287(g) program, allowing state and local officers to act as federal immigration agents — a policy strongly backed by Governor Ron DeSantis.

These Florida universities would be among the first in the nation to have campus police departments participate in the 287(g) program, as reported by the Associated Press, highlighting the involvement of institutions like the University of Florida and Florida Atlantic University.

This development has raised concerns among students and advocacy groups about the potential impact on campus safety and inclusivity. Critics argue that involving campus police in immigration enforcement could deter students from accessing campus resources and participating in campus life due to fear of immigration-related consequences.

 

“College campuses should be safe spaces for academic growth, not checkpoints,” said Miriam Feldblum, CEO of the Presidents’ Alliance on Higher Education and Immigration.

What Is the 287(g) Program?

The 287(g) program, part of the Immigration and Nationality Act, allows ICE to delegate certain immigration enforcement powers to local and state law enforcement officers — including those on college campuses.

These partnerships allow designated officers to:

  • Interrogating individuals suspected of being in the U.S. unlawfully
  • Executing immigration-related warrants
  • Initiating removal proceedings
  • Detaining individuals without a warrant in some cases

There are two main models under 287(g):

  • Jail Enforcement Model (most common)
  • Task Force Model (more aggressive and includes community enforcement)

Florida’s implementation is under the task force model, which allows police officers to detain and question individuals anywhere, including university campuses.

Read the DHS 287(g) Overview

Which Florida Universities Are Participating?

As of mid-April 2025, at least five  major public universities in Florida have confirmed partnerships with ICE:

University 287(g) Status Visa Revocations Reported
University of Florida (UF) Signed 8 students
University of South Florida (USF) Signed Unknown
University of Central Florida (UCF) Signed Unknown
Florida Atlantic University (FAU) in Boca Raton Signed Unknown
Florida International University (FIU) Signed 18 students

FIU’s participation in the 287(g) program has raised concerns among students and faculty, particularly given the university’s diverse student body. Approximately 68% of FIU’s students are Hispanic, and nearly 600 are beneficiaries of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program.

The decision to involve campus police in immigration enforcement has led to fears of increased scrutiny and potential targeting of international and undocumented students.

According to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), a total of 200 law enforcement agencies in Florida currently have active 287(g) agreements, and over 40 more agreements are pending.

Joshua Glanzer, FAU spokesperson, stated:

“All state schools are expected to comply with the governor’s directive.”

For data on visa/Sevis revocations see this.

Governor DeSantis’s Executive Order: What It Means for Universities

On February 19, 2025, Gov. Ron DeSantis issued the Governor’s Feb directive, an executive order instructing all state law enforcement agencies — including university police — to enforce federal immigration law under 287(g). The order emphasized:

  • Prioritizing removal of undocumented individuals
  • Empowering campus police to interrogate and arrest based on immigration status
  • Participation in 287(g) programs
  • Full cooperation with ICE detainer requests
  • Monthly reporting of immigration enforcement activity
  • Penalizing institutions that fail to comply

Read the Executive Order

What Are the Implications for International Students?

The consequences for international students and immigrants on campus are significant:

  • Increased Surveillance: Students may face questioning over their status for minor infractions or based on profiling. Florida universities, including the University of Florida, are partnering with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to implement the 287(g) agreement. This allows university police to detain and interrogate individuals suspected of being in the country illegally, reflecting a broader push by state leaders to align with federal immigration policies.
  • Revoked Visas: UF has already confirmed that eight international students had their visas revoked.
  • Deportation Risks: Even minor campus disciplinary issues could now trigger federal immigration actions.

A Growing Trend of Student Visa Revocations and Deportations

The ICE-campus partnership comes amid a significant rise in student visa revocations across the U.S. According to CNN data:

  • More than 950 students, researchers, and faculty have lost their visas or SEVIS registration, in 2025 alone
  • These revocations span 170  colleges and universities
  • Many are due to minor infractions, including years-old misdemeanors

Data from Insider Higher indicates that 18 international students at Florida International University had their visas or SEVIS revoked this semester; 18 international students at University of Florida suffered similar events. Students and faculty say the enforcement effort is having a chilling effect on campus life and academic freedom.

What is a SEVIS Termination?

SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System) is the database used by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to track and manage international students (F, M visas) and exchange visitors (J visas) in the U.S. A SEVIS termination typically results in the student becoming “out of status,” which can lead to visa revocation, loss of legal presence, and potential removal proceedings.

Key Updates and Trends:

  • Widespread Impact Across Universities: According to data compiled by Inside Higher Ed, over 950 international students and recent graduates across more than 170 colleges and universities have had their legal status changed or revoked since January 2025. These actions have affected both undergraduate and graduate students, as well as recent alumni on Optional Practical Training (OPT).
  • Minor Infractions, Major Consequences: Many terminations and revocations are based on relatively minor issues, such as technical SEVIS errors, missed credits, outdated medical records, or previous misdemeanors. In some cases, students have reported being unaware that their SEVIS status was terminated until they were stopped at airports, had visa interviews denied, or faced unexpected ICE contact.
  • Targeting of Specific Groups: While international students of all backgrounds have been affected, disproportionate scrutiny appears to be placed on students from countries with Muslim-majority populations, politically active students, and those involved in protests or online political expression. DHS has also hinted that students who post “anti-American or anti-Semitic” views online may be flagged for additional screening.
  • Institutional and Legal Pushback: Colleges and universities have expressed concern about the opaque and often retroactive nature of these terminations. Many institutions have said they were not notified when a student’s SEVIS status was terminated, and that DHS is not always providing clear reasons. Legal experts have raised alarms about due process violations and the chilling effect on free speech.
  • Student Response: Affected students have described being blindsided by the revocations, suddenly cut off from housing, classes, and employment. Some are seeking legal help to reinstate their SEVIS records or challenge visa denials. Others are withdrawing from campus life out of fear, deleting political content from social media, or avoiding international travel.
  • Expanded Immigration Enforcement Authority: The 287(g) program has granted campus police expanded immigration enforcement authority, allowing them to collaborate with ICE. This shift has led to increased anxiety among students, particularly international students, who fear that minor infractions could lead to severe consequences. Universities are now navigating the complexities of this new enforcement landscape, which marks a significant departure from previous policies that treated educational institutions as ‘sensitive locations.’

Case Spotlight: Mahmoud Khalil and the Columbia Crackdown

The Florida developments are part of a wider pattern under the Trump administration targeting foreign nationals involved in political activism.

  • Mahmoud Khalil, a Columbia University graduate student, was arrested by ICE in March outside his New York apartment.
  • He had participated in campus protests related to the Gaza conflict.
  • Under the 287(g) program, campus police are empowered to serve and execute warrants for immigration violations, which has raised concerns about the extent of their authority.
  • A Louisiana immigration judge (who is not part of an independent judiciary but is an employee of Trump’s Department of Justice) upheld the administration’s case for deportation, citing grounds tied to “foreign policy opposition.”

Similar incidents are raising alarms about political surveillance and suppression of speech under immigration pretexts. This case is being seen by many as a political crackdown on student dissent.

Student Protests Erupt in Response

The decision has sparked reactions from students and community members. For instance, Jennica Charles, a political science student at FAU and daughter of Haitian immigrants, expressed concern about the potential for racial profiling and the erosion of trust between students and campus police.

Similarly, student protests have emerged in response to recent deportations of international students following minor infractions, highlighting the heightened anxiety within immigrant communities on campus.

At the University of Florida, backlash has been swift. On Wednesday, students rallied in Gainesville to protest the deportation of a Colombian international student.

According to WCJB News, students say the partnership with ICE is creating a climate of fear and uncertainty:

“Our classmates are afraid to speak, afraid to show up to class. Immigration enforcement should not be part of student life.”

Concerns raised by students and staff include:

  • Fear of racial profiling by campus police
  • Increased anxiety among international and undocumented students
  • Potential withdrawal from campus life and support services
  • Suppression of speech and political expression due to fear of surveillance

University and State Government Response

Campus leaders have largely framed the ICE partnerships as a matter of compliance with state law and campus safety, emphasizing the involvement of the federal government in these agreements:

  • USF spokesperson Michael Lavelle: “All state law enforcement agencies, including university police, are expected to follow the governor’s directive.”
  • Governor’s Office: Referred questions to the Florida Board of Governors, which oversees the state’s public university system.

Cassandra Edwards, speaking for the Board, stated:

“University police departments are encouraged to work with law enforcement entities to enforce both state and federal laws.”

Wrong Answer: Rather Than Aggressive Crackdown, Universities Should Protect Their Foreign Students

As international students across the U.S. face a wave of visa revocations and SEVIS terminations, Universities are facing a crossroads: how to care for the well-being of foreign students who are in an emotional and sometimes legal crisis.

Rather than partnering with a lawless federal administration that is violating the civil rights of immigrants, and becoming complicit with those civil and human rights violations, U.S. universities should be standing strong to protect their foreign students. If approved, these universities would be among the first to be granted such authority under a federal program, indicating a significant policy change and the implications for campus safety and student welfare.

Designated School Officials (DSOs) and International Student Officers (ISOs) are the individuals who head the International Student Offices on Campus. They are more critical than ever. These professionals serve as the bridge between students and federal immigration authorities—and in today’s climate, that bridge must be built on compassion, trust, and proactive advocacy.

Here’s what a truly supportive and professional DSO or ISO should be doing to help students who are afraid that their F-1 visa has been revoked, or that their SEVIS record has been or may be terminated.

1. Create a Safe, Nonjudgmental Space for Questions and Concerns

Students facing immigration uncertainty are often paralyzed by fear. Some are afraid to even walk into the international student office. A professional DSO should:

  • Reassure students that seeking help will not trigger enforcement action.
  • Emphasize confidentiality and respect.
  • Hold dedicated office hours for immigration crisis concerns.
  • Avoid bureaucratic language and speak in clear, empathetic terms.

2. Proactively Monitor SEVIS Records and Notify Students of Irregularities

It is not enough to react. A good DSO should:

  • Regularly review SEVIS alerts and flag any changes or errors.
  • Immediately notify a student of any warning, hold, or pending termination.
  • Explain clearly what a SEVIS termination means, and what steps are available to resolve or reinstate.

3. Stay Up to Date and Share Accurate Legal Guidance

DSOs are not immigration attorneys, but they can—and should—be knowledgeable, accurate, and transparent. They should:

  • Understand current DHS, ICE, and SEVP guidance.
  • Know when to refer students to qualified immigration attorneys.
  • Avoid making guarantees or legal judgments, but provide resources and referrals.
  • Stay updated on national trends like mass visa revocations and apply them to campus-specific risks.

4. Assist With SEVIS Reinstatement and Leave of Absence Guidance

If a SEVIS termination has occurred or is imminent, a DSO must be ready to:

  • Explain the SEVIS reinstatement process, including forms, timelines, and risks.
  • Guide the student through options such as re-enrollment or transfer to another SEVP-approved school.
  • Help the student understand the implications of leaving the U.S. and attempting to return on a new I-20.

For reference, DSOs should review and share the DHS SEVIS reinstatement overview:
tudy in the States – Reinstatement

5. Maintain Open Communication With Campus Stakeholders

When a student’s status is in jeopardy, it often affects their housing, financial aid, academic enrollment, and mental health. A DSO should:

  • Coordinate with academic advisors, residence life, and counseling services.
  • Educate other departments on how to respond appropriately to F-1 status issues.
  • Advocate for flexibility from instructors and administrators when needed.

6. Empower Students With Knowledge and Resources

A proactive DSO equips students, not just manages crises. This includes:

  • Hosting workshops on visa compliance, political expression, and SEVIS rules.
  • Sharing guides like the NAFSA Adviser’s Manual.
  • Encouraging students to consult legal counsel if they suspect a visa has been revoked.

In a time when immigration policies are shifting rapidly and unpredictably, Colleges and Universities must serve not just as bureaucratic gatekeepers, but as compassionate allies and professional guides. A student’s visa status can determine their education, their future, and even their safety. The best colleges will meet that responsibility with urgency, care, and unwavering commitment to the students they serve.

History will not judge Florida state universities well.

 

What Should Students Do If They’re At Risk?

If you are an international student, particularly on an F-1, J-1, or OPT visa, here are steps you should take immediately:

  • Consult an immigration attorney
  • Avoid unnecessary interactions with campus or local police
  • Know your rights – Never sign documents or consent to searches without understanding the implications.– Visit Immigrant Legal Resource Center for helpful guides.
  • Prepare a deportation defense plan if you fear your status may be revoked
  • Contact an immigration attorney if you or someone you know has been questioned by ICE or university police.
  • Monitor FOIA requests and campus meeting minutes related to ICE cooperation

Download a Free “Know Your Rights” Guide (PDF) (link simulated)

 

 

Deeper Dive:  What Is 287(g)?

Understanding the 287(g) Program: A Deep Dive into Local-Federal Immigration Partnerships

What Is the 287(g) Program?

The 287(g) program stems from Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), passed as part of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRAIRA) of 1996. It allows state and local law enforcement officers to work with federal immigration authorities (ICE) to identify, detain, and begin removal proceedings against noncitizens.

How Does the Program Operate?

Through formal Memoranda of Agreement (MOAs) with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), participating local law enforcement officers are “deputized” to carry out federal immigration duties. As of December 2024, ICE maintained active 287(g) agreements with 135 agencies across 21 states.

Powers Given to Deputized Officers Include:

·        Checking individuals’ immigration status

·        Accessing DHS databases

·        Issuing detainers

·        Creating and managing removal case files

·        Issuing Notices to Appear (NTAs)

·        Recommending detention or voluntary departure

·        Transferring detainees to ICE custody

 

Under the 287(g) program, these deputized officers, now acting as immigration officers, have the authority to perform immigration enforcement activities on campus. These participating officers can question individuals suspected of being in the country illegally and execute warrants for immigration violations, significantly shifting the role of campus police towards immigration enforcement.

MOAs can be terminated by either party and may or may not include expiration dates.

Types of 287(g) Agreements

1.     Jail Enforcement Model (JEM):

o   Officers question arrestees in jail about immigration status

o   Issue immigration detainers

o   60 JEM agreements exist as of Dec. 2024

2.     Warrant Service Officer Model (WSO):

o   Officers execute ICE warrants in jails

o   No authority to conduct interviews

o   75 WSO agreements are active as of Dec. 2024

Discontinued Models:

·        Task Force Model

·        Hybrid Model These were discontinued in 2012 due to efficiency and resource concerns.

Evolution of the Program

·        2009: ICE standardized all MOAs

·        2013: MOAs updated after DHS OIG recommendations

·        2020: Revised MOAs removed expiration dates and loosened training requirements

·        Budget peaked at $68 million (FY2010-2013), but declined to $24 million by FY2022

Training Requirements

·        Deputized officers must be U.S. citizens and pass ICE background checks

·        Complete 4-week course at FLETC ICE Academy in Charleston, SC

·        Topics include immigration law, ICE systems, cultural sensitivity, and profiling prevention

·        Must score at least 70% to qualify

·        Refresher training is optional, max once every 2 years

·        WSO training: 8 hours only, conducted by ICE field offices

Financial Burdens on Localities ICE covers:

·        Training travel and materials

·        IT infrastructure at local agencies

Local governments must cover:

·        Officer salaries and benefits

·        Administrative costs

·        Detention costs (partially reimbursed by SCAAP, which remains underfunded)

Jurisdiction Selection

Agencies interested in joining submit requests to ICE. While ICE claims to evaluate capacity and benefit, a 2021 GAO report criticized ICE for prioritizing quantity over strategic benefit.

Major Issues with the 287(g) Program

1.     Racial Profiling:

o   DOJ found systemic Latino targeting in Maricopa County, AZ and Alamance County, NC, where officers could interrogate any person believed to be undocumented

o   Texas A&M research shows profiling even in neighboring areas

o   Florida SB1808 now mandates 287(g) participation for all jail-operating law enforcement

2.     Low-Level Offender Targeting:

o   Half of detainers were for misdemeanors or traffic offenses (MPI)

o   North Carolina: 33-57% of those detained had traffic violations

3.     High Costs:

o   Mecklenburg County: $5.3M in first year

o   Alamance County: $4.8M in first year

o   Prince William County, VA: $6.4M first year, $26M over five

o   Maricopa County: $1.3M deficit in three months due to overtime

o   Resulted in property tax hikes and public service cuts

4.     Reduced Community Trust:

o   IACP and MCCA report immigrants fear contact with police, undermining public safety

o   Law enforcement officials say it deters crime reporting and cooperation

5.     Oversight and Accountability Failures:

o   2021 GAO report: No performance metrics, weak monitoring

o   2010 OIG report: ICE failed to ensure MOA compliance or supervise properly

o   Poor planning and staff shortages hindered ICE’s ability to manage partnerships

Interaction with Other Programs

·        Secure Communities: Fingerprints sent to ICE databases after arrests

·        Criminal Apprehension Program (CAP): ICE agents screen inmates directly

·        287(g) overlaps with these programs, complicating enforcement transparency

The 287(g) program has reshaped how local police interact with immigrant communities, but at significant social, financial, and civil rights costs. While it continues to be expanded in states like Florida, oversight and community resistance persist.

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Florida universities entering into 287(g) agreements

What is a 287(g) agreement?A 287(g) agreement is a partnership authorized under Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act. It allows DHS/ICE to delegate limited immigration enforcement authority to state and local law enforcement agencies—including, in this case, campus police at Florida public universities.

Which Florida universities have entered into 287(g) agreements?As of April 2025, the University of Florida (UF), University of South Florida (USF), University of Central Florida (UCF), and Florida Atlantic University (FAU) have confirmed or are reported to have entered into 287(g) agreements. Florida International University (FIU) is also reported to be participating. These schools confirmed their participation and have signed similar agreements to enhance collaboration on immigration enforcement efforts.

What powers do university police receive under a 287(g) agreement?Trained officers may be authorized to:

  • Question individuals about immigration status
  • Serve and execute immigration warrants
  • Make arrests for immigration violations
  • Begin removal proceedings These powers vary depending on the type of 287(g) agreement (Task Force, Jail Enforcement, or Warrant Service Officer models).

Does the agreement mean ICE will have an active presence on campus?Not necessarily. Under 287(g), ICE trains campus police officers, who then act under ICE supervision. ICE agents themselves may not be physically stationed on campus, but they will coordinate with campus police.

Can university police detain students solely based on suspected immigration status?If authorized under 287(g), officers may question and detain individuals suspected of being in the U.S. unlawfully. However, they must still adhere to constitutional protections, including probable cause and due process.

Do these agreements apply to undocumented students, DACA recipients, or international students on visas?Yes. Anyone who falls under immigration scrutiny—undocumented immigrants, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) recipients, or F-1/J-1 visa holders—could be affected by immigration enforcement if a violation or suspicion arises.

Are university campuses still considered “sensitive locations” where immigration enforcement is discouraged?No. The Biden administration had previously considered schools “sensitive locations,” but under renewed Trump-era policies, that protection has been rolled back. 287(g) agreements further erode the notion that campuses are exempt from enforcement.

Can a university refuse to enter into a 287(g) agreement?In theory, yes. Florida law mandates certain types of cooperation, especially for sheriff and detention offices, but does not explicitly require university police to join 287(g). However, Governor DeSantis has issued directives strongly pressuring all state law enforcement entities—including university police—to participate.

Are students being notified when their campus police enter into 287(g) agreements?There is no federal or state requirement to inform students, and many universities have not proactively notified students or held public forums. News has often emerged through media investigations or public records.

Can faculty or administrators intervene or advocate against these agreements?Yes. Faculty senates, student governments, and academic leadership can issue public statements, organize advocacy campaigns, and request transparency from university administration.

How might this affect international student enrollment and recruitment?Foreign students may avoid applying to or enrolling at schools with immigration enforcement agreements. It may also affect a school’s international reputation and partnerships with foreign institutions.

Will this affect students’ access to campus services or make them more reluctant to seek help?Yes. Experts warn that students may avoid academic support, counseling, or reporting crimes due to fear of exposure to immigration enforcement. This undermines campus safety and student well-being.

What happens if someone is mistakenly targeted by campus police under 287(g)?Individuals wrongfully detained or questioned may pursue legal remedies, but it can be difficult to reverse enforcement actions quickly. Legal counsel should be contacted immediately, especially immigration attorneys experienced in 287(g) and removal defense.

Can student protests or political speech lead to immigration scrutiny under 287(g)?Potentially. Under enhanced vetting policies, political activism or online posts are sometimes used to justify visa denials or revocations. 287(g) does not specifically target protestors, but increased surveillance and enforcement increase risks for politically active students, especially noncitizens.

Does this mean students can be arrested for simply being out of status?Yes. Being unlawfully present in the U.S. is a civil violation but can lead to arrest under immigration law. 287(g)-trained officers may arrest noncitizens even without criminal charges if there is an immigration violation.

How can students find out if their SEVIS or visa status has been flagged?Students should monitor their SEVIS records, communicate regularly with their Designated School Official (DSO), and check with U.S. embassies or consulates if abroad. Sudden issues at ports of entry or visa appointments may indicate problems.

What should international or undocumented students do if they feel unsafe?They should:

  • Contact a trusted DSO or international student advisor
  • Seek legal help from an immigration attorney
  • Avoid unnecessary interactions with campus police
  • Document any encounters and stay informed about their rights

Where can students and faculty learn more or get help?

Can these agreements be reversed or challenged legally?Yes, though it’s difficult. Legal challenges can be brought under state or federal law, particularly if civil rights violations occur. Political pressure from students, alumni, donors, and faculty may also influence universities’ participation in 287(g).

Conclusion: A Chilling Shift in Campus Policing

Florida’s integration of university police into federal immigration enforcement through 287(g) signals a sharp turn toward criminalizing immigrant presence on campuses. As these agreements unfold, students—particularly international and undocumented ones—face heightened vulnerability to deportation, racial profiling, and suppression of political expression.

This policy also raises constitutional concerns around due process, discrimination, and freedom of speech — especially in the context of academic institutions.

 

 

Get Help Now: Why You Should Contact Attorney Richard Herman

The stakes for immigrant students and scholars have never been higher. If you’ve been targeted for immigration enforcement — or fear you might be — speak with a trusted immigration lawyer immediately.

If You’re at Risk, Consult an Immigration Attorney Richard Herman Now

For students, scholars, and campus employees affected by these new policies — particularly if you’re on an F-1, J-1, OPT, or dependent visa — it is essential to:

  • Seek a legal review of your immigration status
  • Prepare a response strategy in case of ICE interaction
  • Ensure you’re protected during protests or political activity

Richard Herman is one of the nation’s leading immigration attorneys and founder of the Herman Legal Group. He regularly defends students in SEVIS termination, ICE detention, and visa revocation cases.

Why Choose Herman Legal Group:

  • Over 30 years of legal experience
  • Specialists in student and scholar defense
  • Knowledgeable in ICE policy, SEVIS reinstatement, and political targeting
  • Multilingual attorneys and staff
  • Available for virtual or in-person consultations nationwide

Book a confidential consultation by arranging it online now:

Call: (800) 808-4013

For updates and student resources

·        American Immigration Council: The 287(g) Program Overview

·        ICE: Delegation of Immigration Authority Section 287(g) Immigration and Nationality Act

·        Presidents’ Alliance on Higher Education and Immigration

Social Security Lists Thousands of Immigrants as Dead: Trump Administration’s Error in Federal Database

 

Move cancels Social Security numbers, cuts off access to work and services, and aims to force immigrants to leave the U.S. (referred to as “Digital Murder”)

 

 

The Trump administration has launched a covert strategy to pressure thousands of immigrants to leave the United States by marking them as deceased in federal records.

 

  • More than 6,000 immigrants who had previously been granted legal presence under Biden-era humanitarian parole or similar programs have been added to the Social Security Administration’s (SSA) “Death Master File.”
  • Their Social Security Numbers (SSNs) have been revoked or frozen, making it impossible to:
    • Work legally
    • Open or use bank accounts
    • Access credit, housing, or healthcare
    • Receive any federal or state benefits
    • Use health insurance
    • Maintain housing
    • Receive retirement or disability benefits
    • Face frozen bank accounts and blocked credit cards
    • Risk school enrollment barriers for their children

 

Devin O’Connor, from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, called the move “unprecedented.”

“This is the first time in modern history that people have been falsely added to death rolls deliberately.”

 

Kathleen Romig, Director of Social Security Policy at Center for Budget and Policy Priorities:

“This is not about undocumented immigrants. This is targeting people who were lawfully admitted.”

 

Elizabeth Huston, White House Spokesperson:

“President Trump promised mass deportations. By removing the monetary incentive for illegal aliens to come and stay, we will encourage them to self-deport.”

 

Who Is Being Targeted and Why?

 

According to internal government documents reviewed by The Washington Post and The New York Times, the administration is focusing on:

  • Immigrants with legitimate SSNs who have lost legal status due to Trump revoking Biden-era parole programs
  • Those flagged as “suspected terrorists” or convicted criminals (initially)
  • But officials admit the policy could soon expand to anyone without legal status

 

Immigrant advocates have strongly opposed this policy, labeling it as ‘digital murder’ and highlighting its detrimental effects on legally residing immigrants, emphasizing the broader implications for privacy and rights.

 

The orders came directly from Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem and Acting SSA Commissioner Leland Dudek, under the premise of “national security.”

More on Targeted Immigrants: Who Are They?

 

Although the administration has not released official criteria, the individuals appear to be part of a larger group of immigrants who:

  • Entered the U.S. legally under Biden’s temporary parole programs
  • Used the CBP One mobile app, a government tool created to facilitate lawful entry and asylum claims
  • Were previously granted work authorization and two-year stays

 

More than 900,000 people used the CBP One app, and many of them are now at risk of being labeled as deceased in the SSA database.

 

According to unnamed Trump administration officials, about 6,300 immigrants were added to the DMF after being flagged by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). These individuals were reportedly on a terrorism watch list or had FBI criminal records—claims not supported by public evidence.

 

The DHS and the Treasury Department use cross verification against tax records to identify and deport individuals deemed to be in the U.S. illegally. This collaboration represents a significant escalation in tracking immigrants through financial information.

 

It is believed that most of the SSN terminations were for individuals granted humanitarian parole status, meaning they had been legally allowed to remain in the U.S. temporarily. On April 8, Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officially terminated their parole status with written notice

 

Related Resource:

CBP One App Overview from DHS

A Form of “Digital Murder”

 

Immigration policy experts describe this action as a form of “digital murder” that denies people the right to exist within legal and bureaucratic systems. This policy violates privacy rules meant to protect personal data, raising significant legal and ethical concerns.

 

Martin O’Malley, SSA Commissioner under Biden said: “It’s illegal on so many scores… If Trump and Musk can ‘digitally murder’ anyone who entered legally, they can do it to anyone.” The Biden-era commissioner referred to the practice as a form of “digital disappearance,“ where government systems erase a person’s existence with no due process.

 

As Fatima Hussein of the AP wrote, this isn’t about immigration paperwork anymore. It’s about erasure.

 

Key Concern: This is happening without notice or due process for many of the individuals involved.

Undocumented Workers Pay Billions Into the System

 

Many of the targeted immigrants have paid into Social Security for years. Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP):

 

Undocumented immigrants paid $26 billion in Social Security taxes in 2022 alone.

 

Losing access to Social Security numbers cuts off immigrants from many financial services, affecting their ability to work and receive benefits.

 

Despite this, they are now being denied access to benefits funded by their own labor.

Can Immigrants Legally Receive Social Security?

 

Yes—but with limitations. Immigrants may:

  • Obtain SSNs if they have valid work authorization or green cards
  • Pay into Social Security through payroll taxes
  • However, they typically cannot receive retirement benefits until:
  • 40 quarters (10 years) of work are completed, or
  • After five years of permanent residency

 

Additionally, losing a Social Security number can affect access to certain government benefits, impacting financial stability.

 

Despite contributing billions in taxes annually, many immigrants are excluded from receiving the benefits they pay into.

 

Explore SSA’s Guide to Noncitizen Benefits

A Snapshot of the Death Master File

  • More than 142 million death records in the most complete federal database
  • Dates back to 1899
  • Typically updated by funeral homes, hospitals, or family reports
  • Used by banks, employers, insurers, and credit agencies

SSA Quietly Renames the “Death Master File”

 

In recent days, the SSA renamed its **“**Death Master File”—a longstanding database used to track deceased individuals and prevent fraud—to the “Ineligible Master File.”

 

  • This rebranding allows the agency to label living immigrants as “ineligible” based on false dates of death, multiple sources confirmed.
  • This policy raises significant concerns about the integrity of social security data, as it can lead to the misclassification of legally residing immigrants.
  • Once an individual is added:
  • Their SSN is deactivated.
  • Benefits are cut off.
  • Employers and banks see them as deceased or invalid.
  • Restoration can be “long and challenging,” according to SSA’s own internal guidance.

 

SSA Resource on Erroneous Death Reporting

 

Who Else Could Be Next?

 

There’s growing concern that this policy could expand far beyond its initial targets.

 

This policy is part of a broader effort by the Trump administration to tighten immigration controls, including the classification of living immigrants as dead to encourage their departure and restrict access to essential services.

At-risk groups include:

  • Immigrants with legal work permits
  • Those in the Enumeration Beyond Entry (EBE) program (a process that assigns SSNs after immigration approval)
  • Foreign workers or green card holders who haven’t reached the five-year Social Security benefit eligibility mark

 

Federal employees say SSA staff are bracing for the policy to grow—and fear further misuse of federal records.

How This Policy Affects Everyone

 

·        Sets a dangerous precedent: Renaming a death-tracking tool as a tool of exclusion could be replicated for other marginalized groups.

The Trump administration’s decision to classify thousands of living immigrants as dead will significantly hinder their ability to access basic services, such as banking, that require a Social Security number.

·        Expands surveillance and enforcement powers: What begins with immigrants could be expanded to other disfavored groups.

·        Erodes trust in public data systems: Mistaken entries or malicious inclusion could destroy lives with no due process.

Political and Civic Backlash

 

The policy drew sharp rebukes from Democratic lawmakers, Social Security experts, and immigrant rights advocates:

 

Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR) – Senate Finance Committee:

“This raises the prospect of the Trump Administration stealing legally earned Social Security benefits from American citizens.”

 

Nancy Altman, president of the group Social Security Works, called the tactic:

“an outrageous abuse of power. Imagine losing your income, health insurance, access to your bank account, your credit cards, and your home—all in one keystroke.”

 

Two House Democrats, Reps. John Larson (D-CT) and Richard Neal (D-MA), issued a statement condemning the act as “digital murder.”

“The Trump administration’s weaponization of Social Security is shocking and unconscionable. If they cancel the Social Security number of one person, where do they stop?”

 

Legal Authority and Controversy

 

The Social Security Administration’s Death Master File typically includes only confirmed deaths. Under the Privacy Act, SSA can share information only in specific circumstances, such as:

  • To law enforcement during active investigations
  • When national security is at risk
  • With permission from the individual

 

Marking someone as dead without evidence violates both the Privacy Act and due process protections under the U.S. Constitution.

 

Read about SSA’s policies on disclosure

Critics Call It a Weaponized Abuse of Federal Power

 

 

Martin O’Malley, former SSA Commissioner under Biden, warned: “If they can do this to immigrants who legally entered the country, they can do it to anyone. This is a digital police state.”

 

The Trump administration’s move to classify thousands of living immigrants as deceased for the purpose of canceling their Social Security numbers is part of a broader crackdown on immigration, raising significant concerns about governmental overreach and the affected individuals’ access to essential services.

 

Legal experts warn this action could violate:

  • The Social Security Act, which governs how records are updated and used
  • The Administrative Procedure Act
  • The Fifth Amendment due process rights
  • Federal privacy protections under the Privacy Act of 1974
  • ”Administrative Overreach: Critics argue this exceeds SSA’s authority under the Social Security Act.
  • Discriminatory Targeting: The inclusion of only immigrants, not U.S. citizens, raises Equal Protection concerns.

 

Skye Perryman, CEO of Democracy Forward, criticized the move: “This President continues to engage in lawless behavior, violating the law and abusing our systems of checks and balances.” Her organization is preparing litigation once more details are released.

 

Aaron Reichlin-Melnick, American Immigration Council: “This is utterly unprecedented. And it has HUGE potential for error. People who are legally here may be wrongly declared dead.”

 

Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR), ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee, stated: “This move steals legally earned benefits and violates due process. Declaring someone dead in the system is nearly irreversible—especially now that Elon Musk’s team has gutted SSA’s customer service.” Legal advocacy groups expect a flurry of lawsuits.

Potential for Error—and Malice

 

Experts are raising serious alarms about data integrity: “If the data isn’t perfect, legally present people will be falsely declared dead,” warned Aaron Reichlin-Melnick of the American Immigration Council.

 

Thousands of living immigrants have been placed into the Social Security Administration’s ‘Death Master File’, with affected individuals newly added facing significant challenges in accessing basic services and maintaining legal rights in the U.S. This policy sets a dangerous precedent:

 

  • Misclassification becomes nearly impossible to fix.
  • There is no transparent appeals process for those affected.
  • Federal officials are changing how identity databases are used—without Congressional oversight.

Inside SSA: A General Breakdown in Functionality

 

SSA’s acting commissioner Leland Dudek, who has overseen rapid staffing cuts and field office closures, reportedly emailed staff that the “financial lives” of the immigrants being marked as dead would be “terminated.”

 

Additionally, recent administration tracking efforts have intensified, with the Department of Homeland Security taking actions to monitor and identify immigrants through various means, including the sharing of tax data between the IRS and ICE.

Internal chaos at SSA:

  • Field offices overwhelmed with visitors demanding explanations
  • Jammed phone lines and malfunctioning websites
  • Widespread fear of benefits being stripped from seniors and disabled Americans

 

One lawmaker accused Dudek of retaliating against the State of Maine, after its governor criticized Trump.

 

IRS Sharing Immigrant Tax Data With ICE

 

In another alarming move, DHS and the Treasury Department signed a deal this week enabling the IRS to share immigrants’ tax data with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).

  • ICE can now request names and addresses of suspected undocumented immigrants
  • IRS will cross-reference the data with tax filings

 

The acting IRS commissioner, Melanie Krause, abruptly resigned following public backlash over the deal.

 

More on this:IRS-ICE Data Sharing Agreement

DOGE and Elon Musk’s Role

 

The Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)—a task force led by Elon Musk—has reportedly played a key role in database changes, including:

  • Renaming the Death Master File
  • Reorganizing SSA digital infrastructure to facilitate cross-agency data sharing
  • Promoting AI surveillance models to detect “fraud” in benefit systems

 

Additionally, the task force has been involved in cutting federal jobs as part of its broader mandate to reduce the size of government.

 

In another case, a federal judge recently blocked a controversial task force, led by billionaire Elon Musk and tasked with reducing the size of government, from accessing SSA databases. The judge described the effort as a “fishing expedition” into Americans’ private data.

 

Musk has previously made unsubstantiated claims that immigrants are abusing Social Security and that Democrats are using it to “import voters.”

 

Tied to Larger Anti-Immigrant Agenda

 

This action aligns with other Trump-era revival efforts, including:

  • Alien Enemies Act used to justify detention and deportation
  • Mass deportations to countries like El Salvador, where some returnees have been imprisoned
  • Attacks on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) programs
  • Moves to ban anti-racist curriculum and academic freedom

 

Various Trump administration efforts related to immigration policy, such as classifying living immigrants as deceased to strip their Social Security numbers, were tactics to encourage self-deportation among immigrants who were permitted to remain in the U.S. under prior administrations, illustrating a broader crackdown on temporary legal statuses.

 

As one columnist wrote: “This is the new McCarthyism—with immigrants as the first targets.”

Meanwhile, a Judge Blocks Deportations of Other Groups

 

A federal judge temporarily blocked Trump’s plan to expel hundreds of thousands of Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans who had been given temporary legal status under the Biden administration. The court determined that mass deportation without individualized review could violate due process rights.

What You Can Do If You’re Affected

 

If your Social Security number has been marked inactive or invalid:

 

·        Request a copy of your SSA record to verify if you’re listed as deceased: SSA Request Records

It is crucial to take steps to protect Social Security benefits, especially in light of recent policies that may affect access and integrity.

·        Submit a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request to see what data DHS or SSA has on you https://www.dhs.gov/foia-request-submission-form

  • Reach out to your congressional representatives to demand oversight of SSA and ICE collaboration

·        Report privacy violations to the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC): EPIC Privacy Complaints

·        Seek legal help from an experienced immigration attorney if you believe your Social Security number has been deactivated or you receive notice of parole termination.

Stay Informed and Mobilized

 

To stay updated and protect your rights:

 

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):  Social Security Administration’s reclassification of thousands of living immigrants as “dead”

General Overview

What exactly did the SSA do to immigrants under this new policy?
The SSA, under direction from the Trump administration and at the request of DHS, added the names and Social Security numbers of over 6,000 living immigrants to the “Death Master File,” now renamed the “Ineligible Master File.” This file is typically used to record individuals who have died. Being listed in it disables a person’s Social Security number, effectively cutting them off from employment, financial services, and government benefits.

Why is the Trump administration doing this?
According to the White House, the intent is to remove the “monetary incentive” for immigrants to stay in the U.S. by stripping them of the ability to work and access services. The administration hopes this will encourage them to “self-deport.”

Who are the people being targeted?
The policy initially targets immigrants who:

  • Entered the U.S. under Biden-era parole programs (such as CBP One)
  • Had temporary legal status and valid work authorization
  • Are alleged (without disclosed proof) to have FBI records or be on the terrorist watch list

Impact on Individuals

What happens when someone is listed as “dead” in the SSA system?
Their SSN is invalidated. As a result, they can no longer:

  • Legally work in the U.S.
  • Collect Social Security or public benefits
  • Access or use most financial services
  • File taxes using that SSN
  • Be verified in E-Verify or credit reporting systems

Can banks freeze your accounts if the SSA marks you as dead?
Yes. Financial institutions rely on the Death Master File to prevent fraud. If your SSN is listed there, banks may freeze your accounts, deny loan applications, or close credit lines.

Can someone lose housing or school access because of this?
Potentially. Many landlords, school systems, and service providers rely on valid SSNs to verify identity. Losing your SSN could disrupt lease agreements or prevent enrollment.

Can affected immigrants still pay taxes or file tax returns?
No. Once an SSN is classified as deceased or ineligible, the IRS systems may reject tax filings under that number.

Will benefits like Medicaid, food assistance, or disability be cut off?
Yes. These benefits often require a valid SSN for eligibility and continued verification.

Legal and Due Process Issues

Is it legal for the government to declare someone dead if they’re alive?
Legal experts argue that this policy may violate:

  • Due process rights under the 5th Amendment
  • Privacy protections under the Privacy Act of 1974
  • Administrative Procedure Act rules governing lawful agency action

Are people being notified before their SSNs are revoked?
Some individuals reportedly received written notice of parole termination, but many were not given adequate warning or opportunity to contest the action before being added to the file.

Is there an appeals process or way to challenge the SSA’s action?
There is no clear public appeals process specific to this classification. However, individuals can:

  • File a formal correction request with the SSA
  • Submit a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request to understand their classification
  • File lawsuits or request federal court injunctions with legal counsel

What if this happened by mistake? Can the error be corrected?
Mistaken death reporting is extremely difficult to reverse. SSA has stated that “erroneously reported” deaths are “long and challenging” to correct, often requiring legal documentation and intervention.

Broader Implications

Does this policy affect only undocumented immigrants?
No. The individuals targeted had legal status at the time they received SSNs. Many had valid work permits or parole authorization, and some may still be lawfully present.

Could this policy be applied to other immigrant groups in the future?
Yes. Experts warn this sets a precedent. It could expand to target:

  • Immigrants with green cards or visas
  • Refugees and asylees
  • U.S. citizens if errors or political motives are involved

Is this an isolated SSA policy, or part of a larger crackdown?
It is part of a coordinated federal effort that includes:

  • Terminating CBP One parole programs
  • A DHS-IRS agreement to share immigrant tax data with ICE
  • SSA system changes under the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)

Is this policy permanent or can it be reversed?
A future administration or court ruling could reverse it. Lawsuits are being prepared by civil rights groups to challenge its legality.

Next Steps and Remedies

How can an affected person check if they’ve been listed as dead?
There is no public portal to confirm SSA classification. Affected individuals may notice:

  • Denial of work authorization renewals
  • Bank account access issues
  • Credit rejections or notices from employers

What can affected immigrants do immediately?
They should:

Can an attorney help fix the problem?
Yes. An experienced attorney can:

  • Submit legal appeals
  • Request record corrections
  • Help protect work authorization and immigration status
  • Challenge the SSA action in federal court if needed

Should someone affected stop working or leave the country?
Not without speaking to an attorney. Voluntary departure may negatively impact future immigration options. A legal review is essential before taking action.

Where to Get Help and Stay Informed

What organizations are helping challenge this policy?

  • American Immigration Council
  • ACLU
  • Democracy Forward
  • National Immigration Law Center (NILC)

How can I stay informed about policy updates or lawsuits?

  • Sign up for alerts from advocacy groups
  • Monitor the Federal Register for agency rulemaking
  • Follow reliable immigration law resources like AILA

Can I contact my representative about this issue?
Yes. Contacting your members of Congress can increase oversight and public accountability. Constituents can urge investigations or demand legislative safeguards.

 

 

 

Why Legal Help Is Essential

 

Navigating this sudden bureaucratic purgatory requires experienced legal help. A joint task force, such as Joint Task Force Southern Border, plays a significant role in immigration enforcement, highlighting the intersection of military operations and immigration policy. Consider speaking to a skilled immigration attorney, especially if:

 

  • You entered the U.S. through CBP One
  • You hold a work permit based on parole
  • You’ve received IRS or SSA notices suggesting deactivation
  • You face pressure to “self-deport”

Consult Attorney Richard Herman: An Ally for Immigrants Under Attack

 

If your SSN has been flagged or you’ve lost work authorization, you need expert legal support now.

 

The federal government plays a significant role in implementing policies that impact immigrants, including the revocation of social security numbers.

 

Richard T. Herman of the Herman Legal Group is nationally recognized for fighting back against unlawful immigration enforcement.

Why choose Herman Legal Group:

 

  • Over 30 years defending immigrant rights
  • Deep experience in Social Security and immigration interface
  • Experts in FOIA, litigation, and administrative appeals
  • Multilingual, compassionate legal team
  • Nationwide consultations available

 

Go Online to Schedule a Consultation

 

 Call:  1-800-808-4013

Resources for Affected Immigrants

·        Herman Legal Group – Immigration Attorneys

·        National Immigration Law Center (NILC)

·        Immigrant Legal Resource Center (ILRC)

·        American Immigration Council

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